406 
The presence of camphor in a few other Cinnamomum species 
besides the real camphor tree (C. Camphora, Nees), has already 
been observed, e.g. in C. Parthenoxylon, Meissn. 
Clematis (Ranunculaceae), 
At Kew there is a rich collection of this genus, and I was able 
to detect hydrocyanic acid in C. Fremonti, Wats., C. integrifolia, 
season than that of my visit in August, 1909.) The presence of 
N in C. recta, L., is still somewhat doubtful; the leaf of this 
30, 
mula, L., C. Fortune’, T. Moore (=C. Williamsii, A. Gray), 
C. Fremonti, Wats. (together with HCN ), C. Hendersonii, Hort. 
(=C. reticulata, Walt.), C. grata, Wall., C. integrifolia, L., 
C. lanuginosa, Lindl. et Paxt, (together with HCN), C. orientalis, L. 
The leaves of almost all the species are known as acrid and 
poisonous. In the genus Ranunculus, HON was first observed by 
Fitschy in 1906, and in Thalictrum by van Itallie in 1905. 
were found to contain much saponin ; an extract of the seeds froths 
only at 1-400 and haemolyses at 1-200, 
Combretum ( Combretaceae), 
The leaf of C. bracteosum, Brandis, contains some saponin, The 
senus contains several colonial medicinal] plants. The young leaves 
of C. racemosum, Beauy., and the fruit of C. trifoliatum, Vent., are 
used as an anthelmintic ; the seed of (. phaneropetalum, Bak., is also 
used as a me but in large doses it is toxic. The fruit of C. 
rophiyl ond., is known to be poisonous, The species 
amined is called in South Africa « Hiccup nut” because when 
eaten it causes persistent hiccup. 
) 
& The small ornamental shrub C. /foliolosa, Franch., in Kew 
ardens develops a strong odour of oil of bitter almonds on merely 
rubbing the leaves, and aiterwards hydrocyanic acid and benzalde- 
= were demonstented with certainty, 
ormus 18 placed in the division Sorbus of the genus Pyrus. 
The plant may be said to be cyanogenetic “ par droit de naissance.” 
Cortaderia (Gramineae). 
fhe: grasses C, conspicua (Arundo consptcua Forst.), and C. 
5 eae (a variety of C. argentea), are very poisonous on 
Ccount of a high content of hydrocyanic acid ; they are more- 
over avoided by cattle on account of their hardness, 
