414 
Peraphyllum (Rosaceae). : : 
The leaf of P. ramosissimum, Nutt., contains a glucoside which 
in hydrolysis sets free hydrocyanic acid and benzaldehyde. 
his species was formerly described as Amelanchier; the 
occurrence of hydrocyanic acid is therefore not surprising. 
Philadelphus (Saxifragaceae). ai 
aponin appears to be distributed in this genus. I found it in 
the leaves of P. coronarius, L., P. Lemoinei and P. microphyllus, 
A. Gray; it was, however, absent from the leaves of some other 
species. I found saponin in the seeds of the following : P. grandi- 
Jlorus, Willd., P. Lewisii, Pursh., and P. tomentosus, D. Don, 
which are, moreover, considered in the Index Kewensis as 
synonyms of P. coronarius, L. In P. grandiflorus, Willd., the 
saponin content is highest; an extract of the seeds froths at 
1-2000 and haemolyses at 1-700. 
Phillyrea (Oleaceae). 
The leaves of P. media, L., contain saponin, but in the seeds only 
traces are present. 
Various species are used as popular remedies in S. Europe, ¢./-, 
the leaves as diuretic and as febrifuge. 
with relation to it. 
extract of the fruits of P. abyssinica, Mogq,, still frothed at 1-15000, 
- Other toxic principles, insufficiently 
known, appear, however, also to occur in the genus Phytolacca. | 
Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae). 
At Kew TI was able to examine various species of this genus. 
Saponin was found in the leaves of P. corni olium, A, Cunn., 
erassifolium, Soland., P. erioloma, C. Moore et F. Muell., P. eugeni- 
> 8, A. Cunn., P. Huttonianum, Kirk, P. rhombifolium, A. Cumn., 
Tobira, Ait., P. undulatum, Vent, Tannin is also present in these 
