177 
RACES IN CULTIVATION, 
The many different forms of Arachis hypogea which eee 
mit of a rome: oases Hoation into “ bunched ” and “ runn 
varieties. In the e the ems are erect, in the other ats, 
but ascending at ew ips. 
Botanists have seized on this difference as a means of classifying 
the forms, and have applied the names—inappropriate to 
American plant—of africana and indica. e former name 
embraces the running, the latter the bunched forms 
Typical among running forms is that commonly grown in 
Virginia ; its spreading branches may have a length of two feet, 
or even more , and pods are borne on them almost to the tip. The 
“* Spanis ” nea- -nut”’ is an extreme " the other type, with several 
erect stems and the pods crowded at the base—a condition imposed 
on the plant by the impossibility ee thrusting nuts from upper 
flowers into the soil. 
rapier these two extremes fall the many forms dispersed over 
wor we possess but ig information leading to a determi- 
nation of Cal relative meri 
Upwards of three eae “of the nuts grown in os fumes 
States are sold in the streets for eating. Thos e most i mand 
of oil which they contain. Virginia produces two forms ; one, as 
~ described, “running,” the o ther “bunched.” .The pods of both 
d Ee 
Tennessee grows two forms—“‘ white” and “red,” so-called 
gv 
closely resembling the Virginian form ; the latter, with see 
agreeable to the taste, is more or less erect in habit, and fvound 
as a forage ni 
North Carolina grows a form resembling the African plant in 
habit, with Barvice and eater pods than those of Virginia; and 
eorgia pre a red-seeded form, bunched, and with three or 
four seeds to ep 
ab cabled 2 Spanish pea-nut,” grown in the United States, is 
a Sankhed form, alike in favour for forage and — confectioners’ 
purposes on account of the sweetness of its see 
Costa Rica produces the form named earlier, en abnormally 
long pods contain four or five seeds; in the Argentine one wi 
orange-yellow husks is common. 
African forms, despite the application of the name africana to 
the bunched group, are for the most part semi-prostrate. On the 
SS “ coast two forms ae taking their names ‘from the 
place na of Galam and Ca The Galam nut is that which 
chiefly step pitas the exports of “West Africa. Rufisque has been 
* Arachis hypogea var. phe icana, F. Kurtz in Verhandl. bot. Vereins Branden- 
burg, 1875, p. 45 is <A. asiatica, Lour. Flora eer Ags 55551 ge 2a 
“ Arachide d’Afrique” of Cordemoy in Adansonia vi whi 
. hypogea, var. indica, F. Kurtz is A. africana, Lour., oo ‘ psckias ae rinde ” 
of Cordemoy. 
De Candolle’s var. glabra (Prodromus ii., 1825, p. 474) is a hairless form ; 
asskarl’s var. aegyptiaca (Retzia i., 1855, p. 190) is a prostrate form which he 
thought perennial ; 8 varieties reticulata and vulgaris enkunde ii. 1885, 
p. 643) ure defined on the conspicuous or obscure reticulation of the pod; we 
not concern ourselves fu ith them. 
23793 A2 
