192 
THE INDIAN OIL MILL. 
The Indian oil mill was described by Subba Rao in the Bulletin 
of the Department of Land Re psa, aa SER MHES, Madras, 
p. 283 (No. 28, 1893), in the follow 
“The oil is expressed ol in peoies mills of the ordinary 
rotary saith atidcmncrtar pattern. The chief centres of this trade 
are Valavanur (700 mills), Pantuii (200 mills), and Pondicherry 
(200 mills). A single charge for a mill is from 15 to 18 Madras 
measures of seed (about 15-18 lbs.), which must first be thoroughly 
dried. During the pressing water is added to the seed in small 
with a crowbar, and about + lb. of old ground-nut cake dust 
is mixed with the mass, and work is then resumed. In 45 minutes 
are ladled out of the mill. The cake is again loosened from the 
sides of the mill and the crushing continued. About five minutes 
afterwards a strip of cloth is dippe ‘1 in the mill and the oil 
absorbed is squeezed into the pot. In this manner about a 
measure of oil is taken out. Thereafter the oil is taken up oh a 
brush or a bunch of fowl’s feathers and squeezed out into the pot. 
The cake is then again loosened and broken n up. About an hour 
atter commencing the work, the oil collected in the lower cavit 
is removed by a strip of cloth fastened to an iron rod about 2 feet 
long, which is dipped into it. In this manner another measure 
of oil is removed. Then another handful of ground-nut cake 
OIL-EXPRESSION ELSEWHERE. 
In China, Java, and Japan, a certain amount of oil-expression 
is done. No one, it seems, has described the Chinese mill used 
for the purpose, but presumably it is the same as that used for 
expressing other oils. 
gas" Java the seeds are dried in the sun before being passed into 
The method of obtaining th ene 
(Monteiro, Angola and the Riv : oe aca: a 3s 132) :— Se 
“The nuts are first F pneu into a mass ooden mortar ; 
a handful of this is then taken between the palms of the _— 
