162 



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Charoeas graminis, Liv. " The Antler." 



The only representative of the genus in Britain. Common and 

 widely distributed over the northern hemisphere. At times 

 appearing in amazing profusion. In 1881 Lancashire and York- 

 shire were visited by countless thousands, and Wales in 1884, the 

 caterpillars devastating the land over which they passed. Visita- 

 t * ons , ^ *kis lepidopterous pest are most destructive to grass lands, 



_ ) caused on the Continent is sometimes severe. The 

 winter is passed in the egg state ; the larva is principally a grass 

 feeder on the harder aud smoother species. 



Xylophasia hepatica, Hiib. * The Clouded Brindle." 



Common to English counties, C. Europe, and N. Asia. A grass 

 feeder. 



Hadena, Schrk. A genus of considerable extent distributed 

 over both hemispheres but not touching N ew Zealand. 



Hadena chenopodii, Fab. (trifolii, Staud.). " The Nutmeg." 



Rather a local species, but apparently abundant at Kew. 

 (generally found in waste places and on the coast where Gheno- 

 podium is plentiful. Commoner in Scotland than England, but 

 not Ireland. Cosmopolitan. The moth feeds at Knautia arvensis 

 or Gentaurea in the daytime, and the larva on Ghenopudium 

 album G. Vulvaria, G. Bonus— Henricus, G. botryoides, and 

 Atnplex patula. Double-brooded. 



Dianthoecia cucubali, FuesL " The Campion." 



Found throughout the British Isles and right across Europe and 

 Asia to Japan. Double-brooded. In seed capsules of Silene and 



Dianthoecia capsincola, Hiib. « The Lychnis." 



tw™? 01 ; T QT the Briti8h Isles and generally distributed 

 3 hou * the northern hemisphere, especially in mountainous 



brooded. ™' L y chnis > and Dianthw. Double- 



Cerige cytherea, Fab. (matura, Hufn.). « The Straw Under- 



wing. 



ft n T tot on . 1 y. re P reseQ tative of the genus. Plentiful in Q.C., and 



tJLl!« a en £ ein ^ xtr ,emely dark. A common European moth. On 

 grasses— Poa, Nardus, &c. 



Apamea basilinea, Fab. " The Rustic Shoulder-knot." 



moth 



cum, &c. 



globe. On wheat grains 



iogramma, Esp. "The Double-lobed." 



IreVnT 1 w!f ' f ° Und ° nly in En ^ land and « ^w localities in 

 London but T. ^^ *$° tt WaS P lentiful ™ the suburbs of 

 near the Hke 'T™^ ??"*/*• Sever;d ^cimens were taken 



is nowhe^cLmon ^Tjf 6 h ^ tat in En ™^ and C - Asia ' hnt 

 no>vnere common. The larva feeds in the autumn on Phalans 



