8 
take part with the late Mr. J. Ball and Mr. G. Maw in an 
expedition to Morocco and the Atlas range in 1871, during which 
the party made the first ascent by European travellers of the peak 
of Jebel Tezah. An account of the ascent of the range was 
published by Hooker in 1871; the botanical results were formally 
dealt with by Ballin 1873. A general account of the expedition 
under the title ‘A tour in Marocco and the Great Atlas,’ written 
by Hooker and Ball in collaboration, was published in 1878. This 
journey and its journal are not, however, the only indications that 
Hooker’s interest in the botany of the Dark Continent continued 
unabated, for he dealt with one of the most interesting of the 
problems connected therewith in a paper on the subalpine vegeta- 
tion of Kilimanjaro in 1875, and the subject of tropical African 
mountain floras was again alluded to by Hooker in 1884, But in 
this case the peculiar interest he took in the subject was of a general 
rather than a local nature and was closely associated with the interest 
still taken in the distribution of Arctic plants, which was manifested 
once more in a paper published in 1874, and with his interest in the 
vegetation of remote islands in the southern seas, shown in papers on 
the plants of Tristan d’Acunha published in 1875 and on those of 
Kerguelen published in 1879. The whole subject of Geographical 
Distribution was exhaustively summarised b ooker in his 
sectional address delivered at the York meeting of the British 
Association in 1881, 
The African journey of 1871 was not, however, the only one that 
Hooker was able to make while Director of Kew. In 1877, in 
peace! with his friend Dr. Asa Gray, and with Dr. Hayden 
p R L 
which was published in 1867. The results of Hooker’s visit to 
North America ten years later were summarised by himself in 
‘ Nature’ in the same year, formed the subject of an address tu the 
Royal Institution in 1878, and were embodied in a contribution by 
Gray and himself to the United States Survey Reports in 1882. 
The heavy administrative duties which marked the period from 
1865 to 1885 must not be overlooked. While Director at Kew, the 
condition and arrangement of the collection of hardy trees and 
shrubs were matters of special concern to Hooker, and the Pinetum 
was entirely his creation. The valley near the Flagstaff, known as 
the Berberis Dell, was brought into its present condition between 
1869 and 1872. The Rockery or Alpine Garden was created in 
1882. Numerous avenues, grassed drives and gravel paths were 
