GLOSSARY. 



223 



the back means the upper convex 



surface. 

 Dotted, punctured like a thimble. 

 Duplicated, divided into plaits or 



folds. 

 Duplicature, a fold, any thing 



doubled. 



Echinated, bristled like a hedge- 

 hog, set with spines. 



Effuse, spread out. 



EUiptical, having the form of an 

 ellipsis. 



Elongated, lengthened, drawn out. 



Emarginate, 1 with the margin or 



Emarginated.3 edge notched. 



Ensiform, sabre-shaped. 



Entire, whole, uninterrupted, not 

 divided. 



Epidermis, the outer coating or 

 scarf skin of the shell. 



Equidistant, being at the same dis- 

 tance. 



Equilateral, having all sides alike. 



Equivalve, having both valves of 

 equal dimensions. 



Exolete, worn or faded. 



Exserted, standing out, protruding. 



Extraneous, not essentially or na- 

 turally forming part of an object. 



F. 



Falcated, bent or hooked Uke a 

 scythe. 



Fascia, a coloured band. 



Fasciated, filleted, or covered with 

 bands. 



Fascicled, clustered together as in 

 a bundle. 



Fasciculated, consisting of little 

 bundles. 



Fastigiate, flat and even at top. 



Faux, what can be seen of the 

 cavity of the first chamber of 

 the shell, by looking in the aper- 

 ture. 



Ferruginous, of an iron coloiu-, or 

 rust coloured. 



Filament, a slender thread-like 

 process. 



Filiform, thread-shaped, slender 

 and of equal thickness. 



Fimbriated, fringed. 



Fissm-e, a cleft, a little sht, or nar- 

 row chasm. 



Flexuous, zigzag, with angles gently 

 winding. 



Flexure, a bending. 



Fluviatile, of or belonging to rivers, 

 or to fresh \\ater. 



Fohaceous, consisting of laminae 

 or leaves. 



FoUated, bent into laminae or 

 leaves. 



Fornix, the excavated part under 

 the umbo. It likewise signifies 

 the upper, or convex sheU in the 

 Ostrea. 



Fragile, brittle, easily broken. 



Front, in univalves, when the aper- 

 ture is turned towards the ob- 

 server. 



Furcated, forked. 



Furrow, a small trench or hollow. 



Fuscated, darkened, obscured. 



Fusiform, spindle-shaped, inter- 

 mediate between the conical and 

 oval. 



G. 



Gap, or gape, an opening in bi- 

 valves when the valves are shut, 

 as in the PholacUs, Myce, &c. 



Gaping, opening widely. 



Geminated, marked with a double 

 elevated stria connecting the 

 WTeathes. 



Geniculate, keeled. 



Genus, an assemblage of species 

 possessing certain characters in 

 common, by which they are dis- 

 tinguished from all others. 



Genera, the plural of genus. 



Gibbous, biilged or bulging. 



Glabrous, smooth, having a smooth 

 surface. 



Globose, globular. 



Granulated,beaded, in smaU grains 

 or beads. 



Groove, a hoUow channel. 



H. 



Hemispherical, in the shape of a 

 half globe. 



Hirsute, rough, beset with strong 

 hairs. 



Heteroclitical, sj-nonjanous with 

 heterostrophe. 



Heterostrophe, reversed, appUed to 

 shells whose spires turn in a con- 

 trary direction to the usual way. 



Hispid, with stiff hairs. 



I & J. 



Jagged,denticulated,uneven,tooth- 

 ed like a saw. 



