[159] CEPHALOPODS OF NORTHEASTERN COAST OF AMERICA. 
bilobed anterior end of the liver (?); it then runs backward in a groove 
along the dorsal side of the liver to a point beyond its middle, where it 
passes obliquely through the liver, accompanied by the aorta (ao), and 
enters the stomach at oe‘. The stomach consists of three parts, which 
are often sufficiently distinct externally when the stomach is empty, or 
nearly so, but when it is greatly distended with food (as often happens) 
the divisions almost disappear externally, and the whole becomes one 
great, long-pyriform sac.* The first division (S), or “true stomach,” is 
plicated internally and has thickened glandular walls. It is supplied 
with blood by a ramified vessel, the gastric artery (so), conspicuous on 
its dorsal surface. This lobe of the stomach is sometimes contracted 
into a firm glandular mass, strongly constricted where it joins the more 
saccular second stomach; but I have seen specimens, greatly distended 
with food, in which it was scarcely or not at all distinguishable as a lobe, 
and seemed nearly as thin and saccular as the other parts. The re¬ 
mainder of the stomach (S', S") usually has the form of a long, rounded, 
more or less swollen, fusiform sac, tapering backward to a more or less 
acute posterior end, which reaches back nearly to the end of the body; 
anteriorly its most swollen portion is about opposite the junction with 
the first stomach and just behind the heart; from this swollen portion 
it narrows rapidly, but extends forward to the posterior part of the liver, 
above and in advance of the heart, where it gives off the intestine ( h ). 
The more swollen and anterior portion of this sac or second stomach (S") 
has a glandular lining, which, in part (S"), is distinctly radially plicated ; 
and it is therefore clearly anatomically distinguishable from the thin and 
non-plicated posterior portion (S') or ccecal lobe, which seems to serve 
mainly for the temporary storage of large quantities of food. The in¬ 
testine ( h , h') is a rather wide, thin tube, of moderate length, it arises from 
the anterior end of (S"), close to the dorsal side of the heart; the anal 
orifice (/<') is provided with two slender clavate papillae. The liver (?) is 
a long, rather narrow, somewhat fusiform organ, slightly bilobed anteri¬ 
orly and pointed posteriorly; along about two-thirds of its length, from 
the anterior end, there is a deep dorsal groove in which the oesophagus and 
aorta are situated before they pass through its substance; the posterior 
end is undivided and pointed. 
The ink-sac (?) is a large flask-shaped, or long-pyriform, blackish sac, 
with a long tapering duct (?') terminating just within the anal orifice. 
In the appearance and structure of the internal reproductive organs 
the sexes differ greatly. In the female (PI. XXIX, figs. 3,3a; PI. XXXIII, 
fig. 2) the single large oviduct ( od ), situated on the left side, passes over 
the dorsal side of the base of the gill and terminates in a large ear¬ 
shaped external orifice (op) nearly surrounded by a broad membranous 
flain The portion of the oviduct behind the base of the gill is envel¬ 
oped by a large, swollen, bilobed nidamental gland (PL XXIX, figs. 3,3a, 
x') PI. XXXIII, fig. 2, x'), which is abundantly supplied with blood-ves¬ 
sels, and internally is comprscd of a large number of thin, close, parallel 
