June 1S95/ 



PSl'CHE. 



253 



and tiansfoi-nis to a pupa therein. Tlie pupa 

 is of tlie " incomplete" tvpe (Chapman) and 

 emerges from the cocoon at the time of exit 

 of tlie moth. 



The arrangement of the setae of the 

 larva is very interesting, as it aflbrtis 

 an example from the Tineidae of the 

 arrangement characteristic of the An- 

 throcerid section of the Microlepi- 

 doptera, in which I have previously 

 included only a part of the Pteropho- 

 ridae, the Anthroceridae, Pryomorphi- 

 dae, Megalopygidae and Eucleidae. 

 Thus diflerent genera throughout the 

 Microlepidoptera exhibit an ascending 

 series, increasing in complexitv and 

 diflerentiation of structure, culminating 

 in the Eucleidae. This diflerentiation 

 follows certain definite lines and can be 

 distinguished Ijy a numlier of important 

 characters from the parallel series ot 

 the Noctuina. The more important of 

 these are: (1) The conversion of 

 tubercle vii into a leg-plate in the 

 Noctuina. (2) The approximation of 

 the subdorsal and substigmatal tuber- 

 cles in the Microlepidoptera. (3) The 

 cutting ofl" of secondary warts from the 

 edge of the cervical shield on the 

 prothoracic segment in the Noctuina. 

 (4) The formation of a true wart by 

 tubercle ili on the meso- and post- 

 thoracic segments in the Microlepi- 

 doptera. Each of these contrasts with 

 the opposite condition in the other 

 superfamily. I have made some dia- 

 grams to illustrate the series leading up 

 to the Eucleidae, in whicii Biitalis 

 hasi'laris forms a link. In this I have 

 not intended to trace certain side lines 

 of development which occur. 



Fig. I ( P///U'//a porrecic//(7) shows 

 the primitive arrangement, found in 

 certain lowlv Tineidae. Fig. 2 ( .S'/w- 

 aethis pariana) represents the usual 

 microlepidopterous type, in which 

 tubercles Iv and v are tmited. Fig. 3 

 shows the present insect, in which i 

 and ii are also united. The next step 

 is the conversion of the single setae 

 into warts by reduplication. It is 

 illustrated in fig. 4 (Oxvpti/iis pcr/'s- 

 ceh'dactvl'is) where, however, there 

 are also second:nv hairs present. In 

 fig. 5 {Iiio p)-uni) the warts have 

 become more consolidated ami the 





ViT ^::i^ 



unequal development of the subventral 

 ones is seen. Here the soft hairs begin 

 to be transformed into sharp spines. 

 In fig. 6 {Megalopyge crispata) the 

 sul)\entral tubercles are still further 

 reduced, and finally in fig. '7 {Sibine 

 stimuled) we leach the Eucleid form, 

 in which the subventrals are absent, 

 the substigmatal wart has been reduced 

 to two very obscure setae ; representing 

 iv and v, while the other warts are 

 prolonged and their hairs nearly com- 

 pletely converted into spines. 



