200 



PSYCHE. 



[.May, 1901 



description will enable an)' entomologist 

 who may have the slightest knowledge of 

 Coccidae, to recognize the species at 

 once from any of its nearest allies. 

 With this hope in view, the following de- 

 scription and notes have been carefully 

 made and a large amount of material has 

 been examined from various localities 

 and food plants, so as to give their speci- 

 fic variation. Of course it is a well es- 

 tablished fact, that the genus Pulvinaria 

 is known by its producing a cottony 

 ovisac, in which are deposited the eggs 

 of the female scale. The color of the 

 scales are variable, but in this species 

 the typical color is red-brown, not at all 

 shiny, elongate oval in shape, usually 

 broader anteriorly, and always narrower 

 posteriorly, 7 mm. long, 5 J broad. 

 Boiled in caustic potash the following 

 structural characters are observed. 



Antennae S-jointed, joint 3 always longest, 

 4 next, then 2 and S although .sometimes S 

 will be longer than 2. 5 is next and alwa\s 

 longer than 6 or 7 which is the shortest and 

 often equal. Front legs, with the coxa 120 

 long; femur and trochanter, 176; tibia, 164; 

 tarsus So; width coxa 20; trochanter 60; tibia 

 32 ; tarsus 20. Spines of lateral cleft in 

 threes, one very long and stout, curved at the 

 end 92 to 108 in lengtli ; two short and stout 

 32 to 40 long. The margin of the body is 

 provided with a row of stout blunt spines 36 

 to 40 long, and a row of short, thin and sharp 

 spine-like hairs 16 long; these are easilv lost 

 in dissecting. Between the antennae and 

 above the anal plates, are several long thin 

 hairs 48-92 and 120 in length; interspersed 

 with these are some short spine-like hairs 

 like those of the outer margin. Anal ring 

 normal with six long stout bristles. The 



arrangement of hairs on the several joints of 

 the antennae are as follows : the first joint 

 has three short spine-like hairs; the second, 

 from one to two are long ; the third from 

 one to two; the fifth two to three; the sixth 

 one; the seventh one to two; and the eighth 

 seven to nine. The measurements of the 

 several parts above, and those given in the 

 tables are in micromillimeters. 



A quantitative study of these varia- 

 tions is here given. It should be stated 

 in this connection however, that inter- 

 mediate individuals are found with the 

 typical forms, which are sometimes quite 

 small, and the reason for their size is no 

 doubt due to being deprived of sufficient 

 food, owing to the fact that they are 

 foimd on the small twigs, where the sup- 

 ply of food is not so great as it is among 

 the larger limbs of the tree, and it is here 

 where the larger forms are found. 

 These smaller forms do not differ ma- 

 terially in color, shape or structurally ; 

 all are practically the same. Specimens 

 from Georgia are quite dark, variable in 

 shape, some nearly hemispherical and 

 in te.xture the scales are quite thick. 

 Those from New Me.xico are about the 

 same in color and te.xture, but somewhat 

 smaller. The scales on maple at Wash- 

 ington, D. C, are practically the same 

 as those found on maple in Massachu- 

 setts. Those from Wisconsin (Div. 

 Entom.) are quite different, being small- 

 er and nearly black in color. Those 

 from North Carolina are different still, 

 practically hemispherical in shape, of a 

 light brown color and quite small. 

 Several lots of these specimens studied 



