July, 1901] 



PSYCHE. 



225 



for any male except in one other instance 

 when the female vibrated her wings rap- 

 idly after the male had been liying about 

 her for nearly an hour. 



The first exception was a female which 

 began Hying about a male trying to mate, 

 but for some reason none of three males 

 mated her. 



One pair mated at midnight, but no 

 others mated before four a. m., though 

 the males' Hying and quivering began 

 sometimes an hour earlier, sometimes 

 less. 



Eleven males mated, remained in coi- 

 tion for about sixteen hours, then mated 

 a second female each about eight hours 

 later. No male mated a female which 

 had been mated before, — of this set. 

 One male mated the same female on 

 two successive mornings, she having laid 

 over one hundred eggs in tlie interval. 

 The male then mated a second female 

 on the next morning, but coition lasted 

 only about eight hours. On the next 

 morning the male mated a third female 

 and remained in coition until near mid- 

 night. 



The following morning the male mated 

 a fourth female, coition lasting sixteen 

 hours, and this female he mated again 

 the next morning although a fresh one 

 was put in the cage. Coition lasted 

 about sixteen hours the second time 

 also. 



The next intjrning the nialc mated a 

 fifth female, coition lasting frOm about 

 4 a. m. till 7.25 p. m. when the female 

 freed herself by violent struggles. The 

 male was flying about the sixth female 



within five minutes, and after hfteen 

 minutes of displaying his wings, flying, 

 and quivering, settled down into quiet 

 for the night. At precisely 4 a. m. the 

 male mated the sixth female with no 

 preliminary flight or display except that 

 of the previous evening. 



The h<:]ur of mating was very near 4 

 a. m. in every instance, never later than 

 4.30. 



No new female emerged and the next 

 day passed without mating, but on the 

 following morning the male mated the 

 Gth female for the second time. She 

 resisted vigorously and coition was 

 short. 



The next day there was no coition 

 there being no fresh female, and the 

 male died, having mated nine times in 

 thirteen days. 



The eleven males which mated two 

 females each had no opportunity of mat- 

 ing others as no other females emerged 

 in time. It seems fair to believe that 

 the male cccropia is very polygamous. 



Three males were in boxes with lace 

 over the tops, and so placed that they 

 could not see the female in the cage. 

 They were perfectly quiet until the 

 female protruded the whole ovipositor 

 when, in less than two minutes, they 

 were flying excitedly about the boxes, 

 stopping only when the female mated 

 with the male in the cage. 



From observations with pnoncthfi 

 aiii^iilifcra, and cccropia it seems tl.. ! 

 there is some emanation from the (\i 

 positor which attracts the male, .i,.- 

 that no male will mate or apprort'.i ,1 



