March, 1902] 



FSYCHE. 



317 



among some unpublished figures (which 

 he kindly gave me), of his Essex County 

 species, are camera-lucida drawings of 

 every essential detail (claws, mucrones, 

 anal spines, etc.) of his nivicola, a form 

 with which I am familiar, and one that 

 cannot be the nivicola of Fitch, on ac- 

 count of appearing too late, if for no 

 other reason. The species which Pack- 

 ard called nivicola, is new and is here 

 named packardi. 



Lintner repeated Fitch's account of 

 nivicola, supplementing it with Packard's 

 description, upon the assumption that 

 the two descriptions referred to the same 

 species, and added several notices by 

 others upon the occurrence of " snow- 

 fleas." Later, Dr. Lintner ("96, pp. 251 

 to 252) found that doubt attended the 

 name of nivicola, and, still assuming 

 that Packard's redescription was valid, 

 figured a form from Ghent, N. Y., which 

 agreed with it ; this form is actually that 

 which Packard described as nivicola, as 

 I have learned from some of the original 

 Ghent specimens, which were sent me 

 by Dr. Felt. The Schoturus nivicola of 

 Lintner's Eleventh Report, then, is 

 Achorutes packardi n. sp. 



The same report (pp. 253 to 254) 

 contaiiis the description of Achorules 

 diversiceps Lintn. The types of diver- 

 siceps, that were loaned to me by Dr. 

 Felt, confirm my conclusion, drawn from 

 Lintner's description and figures, that 

 diversiceps is the form that Fitch named 

 nivicola. 



Harvey ('93, pp. 183, 184), without 

 questioning the applicability of Pack- 



ard s redescription, gave two full form 

 figures to supplement Packard's account. 

 I now have the specimens from which 

 those figures were made, and find them 

 to be Packard's species, indeed, and, 

 therefore, not the nivicola of Fitch. 



The queried references in the synon- 

 ymy below are to popular notices upon 

 insects that are probably, but not un- 

 questionably, the snow-flea described by 

 Fitch. 



A. nivicola Fitch occurs in Europe 

 under the names socialis LTzel and spini- 

 fer Schaf. Three Swedish examples of 

 sociaiis which were determined by Schott 

 and sent me by Schaffer, agree ac- 

 curately with our nivicola. Schott ('94, 

 p. 82), in fact, adds to his detailed ac- 

 count of socialis, " Es ist nicht unwahr- 

 scheinlich dass die von Packard besch- 

 riebeiie Achorutes nivicola, die ermeiner 

 Ansicht nach aus guten Grunden mit 

 Fitch's Podura nivricola gleichstellt, keine 

 andere als obige Art sei." This surmise, 

 incorrect as to the supposed equivalence 

 of Packard's and Fitch's species, is cor- 

 rect as regards the identity of socialis 

 Uzel and nivicola Fitch. 



I sent American specimens to Dr. 

 Scliiiffer, who replied, " Achorutes nivi- 

 cola Fitch erweist sich in den Formmerk- 

 malen mit meinem Achorutes spinifer 

 ubereinstimmend. Ach. spinifer ist dar- 

 nach eine (kleinere) Farbenvarietiit 

 von A. nivicola Fitch." 



A. nivicola is closely allied to A. 

 hanryi n. sp., from which it may be 

 separated by its stout superior claws, 

 ovate inferiors, small anal spines on a 



