Septcmlier— (Ktober iSSj.| 



F.src HE. 



91 



site SvHcrffiis was now present in small 

 iinnihcrs. 



S. From galls of C'viiips (Ami rims) 

 iiijiator. from Scania. A]3ril 1S77. were 

 I'aised in the same month ; — Svnerons 

 { Sap/iolyt/is) connat/is 9 (r). 



9. From galls of C'v/iips (Andricns) 

 ciirvator. collected in Scania. Jnne 

 1S79. were raised, in Jnh 1S71.) : — /'ia- 

 t vtcrniHS fasciculatus. 



10. From galls of Cynips (Andri- 

 cns) ram/iii. from Scania, fiine 1S81. 

 were raised, in Julv iSSi : — Oii/ix 

 Haiiarnw (a), EHtclns tibialis 9. 

 Dccatonia incrassata 9 (unique). 



11. From galls of Cynips (Auiax) 

 fflcchomae. fro'm Scania, were raised, 

 in April 1SS2 : — Torymiis ffiechoniae 

 n. sp. 9 (- specimens). 



12. From galls of Cynips {Auiax) 

 foi'eigcr on Hieraciian iinibcllation . 

 were raised, in 1SS2 : — Decatoma sub- 

 iniitica (a). 



13. From hedeguar galls \^RliiHiitcs 

 rosae\ on Rosa canina. collected in 

 Scania during March iSSi and April 

 1SS2, were raised, in May to Julv iS.Si : 



— Cynips (R/iodites) rosae ^ (r) 9 

 (a). Ortopciina lutcolator (a): in 

 May and June: — Habrocyt/is bcdco-u- 

 aris (r) : in June and July : — Torymiis 

 hedegnaris (r) : in April to Jime 1SS2 : 



— Ortopelnia int coin tor (a). Torymiis 

 bedegiiaris (a); in Ma\ anil June: — 

 Eurytoma piibicornis, Rhodites rosae 

 9 (r). Aiilax brandti (aa). 



14. From swelling on the branches 

 ot Salix capraea. collected near .Stehag, 

 in Scania, during Marcli iSSi and April 

 1S82, were raised, in Ma\ 1881 : — 



.Vfinatiis vidimtiis (r), Piinpla iiianis 

 (P (r). /'. vesicaria ^ (common) 9 

 (unique). P. hrevicornis^ P. inandi- 

 biiiaris (r) : in Ma\ and June. A'ematiis 

 pentandrae (a) ; in June : — Limner ia 

 cJirysosticta (aa). Sympieziis scricei- 

 coriiis $ (unique) : in June and July : — 

 Pfabrocytiis capreae (aa), Eurytoma 

 salicis (a) : in April 1882: — Nematus 

 pcndaiidrae (a) ; in April and May; — 

 Limiicria chrysosticta (a); in May 

 and June: — Eurytoma saiicis (a), 

 Habrocytiis capreae (r). 



A part of the species of the genus 

 Torymiis and of the genera Syntom- 

 aspis and Mcgastigin/is are constant 

 parasites in galls on oak. like Ortopelma 

 and Torymiis bcdcgiiaris in rose-galls 

 and Limncria chrysosticta in willoyv- 

 galls. The genera Synergiis. Eury- 

 toma and Decatoma :ire all secondary 

 parasites, that is to say, the\- attack in 

 their tin-n the parasites on gall- 

 formations and destroy them. The 

 other pteromalini { Eiiteliis. Platyter- 

 miis, Pfabrocytiis. etc.) are probably 

 ;dso secondary parasites. In regard to 

 Aiiiax brandti. on the other hand, 

 which often occurs so numerously in 

 bedeguars, it can liardlv be con.sidered 

 as a parasite, since all its congeners 

 torm gall-like swellings on the branches 

 of plants or liye in swollen seed-cap- 

 sules, but it m;iy be considered to be 

 an inquiline or the possible fellow-build- 

 er with R/iodites rosae. The Pimpla 

 raised from willow galls of the year 

 iSSi haye probabh" all lived parasitical- 

 1\ on the larger Xematiis vidiiatiis. 



