104 



PSYCHE. 



[November — December iSS^- 



tnisl with the compound one in the 

 female : tlie hairy anterior legs f)f 

 Grapta and \'a)icfsa in the >iy»iplia- 

 lidac; the long hairs between the costal 

 and subcostal nervures, above the cell 

 of the iiind wings oi Argytniis^ appear- 

 ing, when extended in the cabinet, lilsc 

 a long fringe to the inner margin of the 

 front wings ; tlie incrassated, black scale- 

 patch upon the middle of vein 2 (the 

 1st median nervule) of the secondaries 

 o(£)aiia/s; the o\oid discal spot on tlie 

 fi'ont wings of manv (.>( the ///('r////af ; in 

 the hesperidae, the reflexed costal mar- 

 gin in most of the Nisoiiiadcs. Eiida- 

 ii/tis. and Pvi'ff/is. an<l the tibial epi- 

 phvsis' of the anterior legs in all but one 

 of our genera: the transverse discoidal 

 stigma on the primaries of the larger 

 portion of our pamphilas. tiie beautiful 

 and peculiar microscopic (often con- 

 cealed) scales, or androconia. of manv 

 of the butterflies; tlie usually concealed 

 pair of extensile anal appendages found 

 by Fritz Miiller and others in certain 

 glaiicopidae, l>o?iil>ycidae, noctuidac 

 and in a Danais ;" each of these indica- 

 ting the male sex. Features equallv 

 interesting, and alike serving no pur- 

 pose so far as known, migiit be men- 

 tioned in each of the orders of insects. 



In the earlier stages of insects (egg 

 and larxal), sexual features, as would 

 naturall)' be expected, are less nunier- 



• Guende ; Hist. n:U. ins., 1S52 — Lcpid.. v. — Nr.ct., 

 1, p. XXXV. Speycr: in C;in;i(l. eiitotnol., 1S7S, v. 

 10, p. IJ4. Edwards' C;it:il. lep. .\nicr., 1S77, p. 64. 



^ Fril/, iMiiller: N:iture, 11 June 1S74, v. 10, p. 102 

 (Psyclie, Mch.-Apr. [9 July] 1S77, v. i, p. 24). Morri- 

 son : Psyche [yj Oct. 1S74, v. I, p. 21-22. Siewers ; C;ln:i- 

 di.m entomologist, Mcll. 1S79, v, 11, p. 47-4S, llg. 12. 

 Stretch : Pilpilio, Feb. 1SS3, v. 3, p. 41-42, lig. 



Otis and less conspicuous. They rarely 

 occur in the first stage — that of the egg. 

 or more properly, they have not, in 

 manv instances, been recognized by us.' 

 It was for a long tinie believed that 

 in the larva of one of our sp/iiiigidae not 

 luifrecjuently met with — Thy reus abbot ii 

 — the se.x was so clearlv indicated by 

 ditlcrence in color and pattern that it 

 could be told at a glance. Of the two 

 greatlv diBering forms, the one marked 

 with a series of large yellow-green 

 patches on the dorstmi extending halt'- 

 way down the sides, and with another 

 row of smaller subtriangular similarly 

 colored spots resting on the prolegs. was 

 described by Clemens as the male ; the 

 female being reddish-brown throughout, 

 with a dark lirown subdorsal stripe and 

 numerous short broken striae.^ This 

 sexual determination of Clemens was 

 accepted by me in my paper upon the 

 larvae and pupae of this species in the 

 26th Report of the N. V. state museum 

 of natural history, p. 114-116. and has 

 also lieen followed by other writers. 

 That the two tbrms are inilicatixe ot 

 sex. has since been denied.^ and it is to 

 be presumed that the denials are based 

 upon results obtained in rearing them 

 to their perfect form. The green- 

 spotted larva mav therefore be accepted 

 as a dimoiphic form, comparatively 



•* In Phylloxera^ the eggs which are to produce 

 mules and femnles in:ly be known by their diflerence in 

 si/.e. See Riley's .-Vnnuill reports of the suite entomolo 

 gist of Missouri : 6th, p. 41 ; 7th, p. 92, yS; Sth, p. 15S. 



■* Two colored tignres of the larvae in inv possession, 

 made by Dr. Clemens, show the sexes the reverse of 

 this— the green-spotted one, marked as 9it>eing much 

 the larger oi the two. 



li Whitney: Canadian entom)logist, April 1S73, v. 

 S. P- 75*76. Grote : A^., May 1S76, 11. 100. 



