150 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



' as if there were antagonistic characters which cannot co-exist 

 in the same individual. ' Instances follow which will be briefly 

 noticed here. For full details, which are of great interest, the 

 the reader is referred to the 'Handbuch,' pp. 305-321. 



" Spilosoma lubricipeda, Esp., $ , and ditto var. zatima, Cr., 

 2 .—These, crossed by Burckhardt in 1889, gave lubricipeda, 

 intermedia and zatima (intermedia being, as just stated, merely a 

 less dark form of zatima). Two of these intermedia were paired, 

 giving again lubricipieda, intermedia and zatima. In this third 

 generation several pairings were effected, as follows : zatima $ 

 and lubricipeda ? ; lubricipeda $ and zatima ? ; intermedia $ 

 and ditto ? ; intermedia $ and zatima 2 . All these gave 

 lubricipeda, intermedia and zatima in varying proportions, except 

 the cross lubricipeda $ and zatima $ , from which only zatima 

 resulted. A pair of lubricipeda from this fourth generation gave 

 a brood of thirty-four lubricipeda and one extreme zatima. In 

 all these successive broods, carried on into the fourth year from 

 the date of the original pairing, there were no transitional forms 

 between lubricipeda and intermedia. 



" Grammesia trigrammica, Hum., $ , and ditto ab. bilinea, 

 Hb., ? . — The female bilinea, taken by Gross at Garsten in 

 Austria, laid eggs of which the male parent was presumably a 

 normal G. trigrammica. Of the sixty-seven perfect insects that 

 resulted thirty-eight were trigrammica and twenty-nine bilinea. 

 There were no intermediates. 



" Anger vna prunaria, L., $ , and ditto ab. sordiata, Fuessl., 

 $ • — This cross, procured by Zeller, gave seventeen prunaria 

 and fourteen sordiata. 



"A. prunaria ab. sordiata $, and A. punaria ?. — This 

 cross, also obtained by Zeller, gave eighty-four of prunaria to 

 sixty-eight of sordiata, i.e. as in the reciprocal cross, about 55 

 per cent, of the type and 45 per cent, of the aberration. In 

 neither of these cases were there any intermediates. 



" A. prunaria ah. sordiata $ and J. — Among a large brood 

 reared from the eggs of a pair of normal A. prunaria, there 

 appeared three males and two females of the aberration sordiata. 

 From a pair of these Standfuss obtained thirteen prunaria 

 (three males and ten females) and forty-two sordiata (twenty-four 

 males and eighteen females). Again there were no transitional 

 forms. 



" Amphidasys betularia, L., $ , and ditto ab. doubledaijaria, 

 Mill., ? . — A female doubledaijaria found by Steinert near 

 Dresden produced seventy-five betularia (thirty males and forty- 

 five females) and ninety doubledayaria (thirty-four males and 

 fifty-six females). The male parent was doubtless an ordinary 

 betularia. Two of the examples classed as betularia were darker 

 than the normal, but otherwise no transitional forms occurred. 

 Standfuss is of opinion that even these two need not be regarded 



