SCALIDA OF THE WEST INDIA ISLANDS. 191 
Scala wroblewskyi, Mirch (Scalaria borealis, Gould, now Beck), Scala ochotensis, 
Midd., which may be considered a gigantic Scala borealis, Beck. 
In the south polar region Scala wroblewskyi is represented by Scala australis, 
Lam., which resembles it so closely that Dr. Gould considered it identical, and for 
this reason retired his species. Scala borealis, Beck, is represented by Scala gran- 
osa, Q. and G., which was considered a Turritella on account of the want of ribs. 
On the American Atlantic coast line, from Cape Cod to South Carolina, six 
species are indicated. In the tropical region, the Gulf of Mexico with its islands, 
the north coast of South America, which however is little known, are found forty 
species, of which only one is not found on the islands. 
From Rio Janeiro to the Strait of Magellan only six species are again indicated. 
On the American Pacific coast line, from Vancouver’s Island to Upper Califor- 
nia, Dr. Carpenter has enumerated about eleven species. In the tropical region 
from California to Peru twenty-six species. On the south coast of South America 
influenced by the polar stream no species is indicated except Scala magellanica, 
Phil., from the Straits of Magellan. 
On the European side of the Atlantic Ocean, on the coast of Norway and 
England, are indicated four species, all of which are found also in the Mediterra- 
nean; in this sea and in the adjacent parts of the Atlantic from Portugal to 
Madeira, are found twenty-three species, of which a few only are found at Madeira. 
From the tropical west coast of Africa about six species are indicated; at Cape 
of Good Hope about five species, among which is Scalaria australis, Lam. 
On the Asiatic side of the Pacific Ocean, from Japan and China, are indicated 
about thirty-three species; from the Philippine Islands thirty five species, nearly 
all collected by the late Mr. Cuming. 
From the Red Sea and India about twenty-five species; from New Guinea and 
the other Pacific islands about twenty species; and from New Holland and New 
Zealand about fourteen species are known. 
The number of living species is probably about 240, which generally have a 
limited distribution, although several species by some authors are considered iden- 
tical on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and between India and the West Indies. 
The West Indian fauna, containing forty species, is the richest in Scalidz, but 
I suppose that the Philippines, when better investigated, will prove still richer. 
D’Orbigny in his excellent ‘“ Mollusques de Cuba,” published 1842,* indicates 
seven species, of which five are new. 
* The two volumes have the year 1853. Vol. I. is, according to Troschel’s ‘‘ Jahresbericht,’’ published in 
1841, except the two last sheets which are from 1842; of Vol. II. the first seven sheets were published 1842. 
