THE GENUS GYMNOPLEURUS. 167 



basal joint very small, rounded ; second joint longer ; third, half 

 as long as the second ; and the apical joint swollen in the 

 middle, and as long as the other three. Mandibles membranous. 

 Antennae 9-articulate, the first joint having the base produced 

 and narrowed almost to a point at the junction with the 

 head; the last three forming the club. Thorax more or less 

 trapezoidal ; anterior portion narrow, with the angles acute ; 

 lateral margins curved outwards, with the basal half strongly 

 emarginate. Posterior angles produced to a distinct point, with 

 the posterior margin slightly curved ; a deep cicatrix on each 

 side near the lateral margins. Base of elytra as wide as 

 thorax ; humeral angles pronounced ; lateral margins very 

 strongly sinuated just below the humeral angles. Epipleura of 

 the elytra scarcely visible, except at the base ; apical prominences 

 generally pronounced, with the apical angles very acute. Dorsal 

 surface of the first, second, and part of third distinct in the 

 elytral sinuation ; pygidium triangular. Metasternal keel rather 

 prominent. Anterior tibiae with three sharp teeth at apex of 

 exterior margin, the rest of the margin being serrated. The 

 apical spine is broadly bispined in the males. Anterior femora 

 with a small but distinct tooth or tubercle in the centre of the 

 longitudinal carinae. Spurs at the apices of the intermediate 

 and posterior tibiae not soldered. Posterior tibiae rather strongly 

 curved inwards at extremity, with each of the longitudinal 

 carinae distinctly serrated, obliquely truncated at apex. 



Type of the genus, simuitus, Fb. 



The following may be referred to Paragymnopleurus : — 

 assamensis, Waterh. ; inclanaiius, Har. ; morosus, Fairm. ; 

 azureus, Fab. ; sylendens, Cast. ; latus, Hope ; &c. 



Gymnopleurus, lUiger. 

 Clypeus not so sharply dentate, mostly only cleft in centre, 

 sometimes 4-dentate. Frontal carinae extend to the base of 

 head, and convergent. Trophi the same as in Paragymno- 

 pleiuiLs, except that the basal joint of the labial palpi is always 

 much narrower and more rounded. Labrum not contracted 

 towards apex. Thorax and anterior margin contracted, angles 

 acute, sides rounded, posterior angles not prominent, almost 

 obsolete in some species ; posterior half of lateral margins 

 bi-emarginate. Basal portion of elytra hardly as wide as thorax ; 

 elytral sinuation strong. Epipleura of elytra obsolete, the lateral 

 margins being vertical and widely bicarinate the whole length ; 

 rather strongly truncate at apex. Dorsal surface of the first 

 segment of the abdomen not visible, the carina meeting with the 

 margin of the elytra ; the exterior portion of the first segment 

 of the abdomen visible is the sides, which are rounded, and not 

 carinate on the outermost portion. The second segment has the 

 dorsal surface visible, and is carinated on the exterior portion, 



