28 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 
which are sometimes considerably longer than the animal’s 
body. The common lobster, though less bulky in the 
trunk and with more slender antenne, attains an equal 
length, or by inclusion of its long and powerful claws 
might claim in this respect far to exceed the weak-limbed 
Palinurus. There is an Australian crayfish, Astacopsis 
serratus (Shaw), from ten to twenty inches long, and 
weighing some pounds, which makes a fine show when 
compared with the much more modest dimensions of the 
English crayfish. In the same way Leander serratus (Pen- 
nant), the common prawn of British markets, is humbled 
by contrest with Palemon carcinus, the river prawn of the 
West Indies and Guatemala, of Surinam and the Ganges, 
with its lobster-like size of twelve inches long. Palemon 
lar, from the Pacific Islands and India, exaggerates one of 
the characteristics of the genus to which it belongs, inas- 
much as a male specimen five inches in length will have the 
second pair of legs nearly eight inches long—much longer, 
therefore, than the body which carries them. ‘The Her- 
mit Crabs appear to attain their maximum at about eight 
inches, a length not inconsiderable, seeing that it has to 
be accommodated to the vacant shell of a univalve mollusc. 
One, however, of their near kindred, Lithodes camschatica 
(Tilesius), has sometimes a span of four feet. This makes 
its hermitage not in the shell of a mollusc, but in some 
cranny of the rocks. From this fastness it takes vengeance 
on the crab-eating octopus, and is itself so firmly lodged 
that it cannot easily be dragged out, except in fragments. 
Of shrimps, Pasipheea princeps (S. I. Smith), dredged by 
the Albatross in 1883, may be accepted as the leader, 
seeing that it is not only far larger than any of its own 
genus hitherto known, but by its length of more than 
eight inches and a half, it exceeds all examples of kindred 
gene.a. 
Among the Schizopoda the more familiar species are 
quite the reverse of bulky. A specimen of Gnathophausia 
ingens (Dohrn), measuring from the tip of the rostrum to 
the extremity of the telson or tail 157 millimétres, or 
(4 inches, is spoken of as possessing ‘a truly gigantic size 
