190 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 
ferred from the general agreement of the species with 
others that are known to be fossorial. This agreement is 
exhibited more especially in the tail-fan, but other features 
favour the notion of such a habit. The flagella of the first 
antennee, fringed with long fine hairs, may assist in keeping 
opena breathing hole. The anterior outlet of the branchial 
chamber is protected against intrusive particles by a joint 
of the first maxillipeds so disposed as to serve for an 
operculum. Of the very unequal first legs the limb on 
the right side has the thumb and finger monstrously 
developed into a pair of combs carrying about sixty 
unequal teeth apiece, and, as Spence Bate observes, ‘it 
appears probable that when partially closed it has the 
power of raking the neighbourhood to a considerable 
distance, and so entrapping small animals and other 
material from which the blind creature has the power of 
selecting its food. As this extremely elongate hand 
could not convey the food to the mouth, the short second 
and third pairs of legs are also conveniently chelate. The 
fifth pair are the same, at least in the female, but in 
these the minute chela buried in a thick brush of fur 
probably has some function other than that of assisting its 
mistress to feed. 
Calocaris Bell, 1853, has but a single species, Calocaris 
Macandree, Bell, found in the waters of Ireland, Scotland, 
and Norway. It is still comparatively rare, as might be 
expected of an animal which burrows at depths of 80 and 
150 fathoms. Its habits would seem to be tolerably 
sluggish, since specimens are sometimes overgrown with 
a small zoophyte, the polyzoon T'riticella flava, Dalyell, 
which can scarcely serve any purpose of concealment. The 
eyes are present but have lost their pigment, so that vision 
is probably dim. The first pair of legs are unequal, but 
not strikingly so. These and the next pair are chelate, 
while the remaining three pairs are simple. Spence Bate 
makes it a character of the family that the tail-fan has the 
outer plates much larger than the inner, but, though this 
is true of U’hawmastocheles, it scarcely applies to Calocaris. 
