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ADAM WHITE 197 
the great size of two feet in length, with a carapace more 
than twenty-one inches in circumference. Already in 1885, 
Mr. T. Jeffrey Parker, F.R.S., had proposed a new sub- 
genus Jasus for those species of Palinurus which have the 
rostral character assigned to Palinosytus and which have 
no stridulating organ. He therefore claims that the name 
Jasus should supersede Palinosytus. 
Innuparis, White, 1847, has the rostrum dilated, bi- 
partite, with the processes flat, and the anterior margin 
spinulose. To this genus belongs Linuparis trigdnus (de 
Haan). 
Panulirus, White, 1847, contains the numerous Eastern 
and one or two. Western species, in which there is no central 
rostriform tooth, which have the ocular segment exposed 
and membranous, the flagella of the first antennze long and 
slender, and their segment produced considerably in ad- 
vance of the frontal margin, that being generally armed 
with strong teeth. Panulirus penicillatus (Olivier) has 
already been mentioned as having exhibited the singular 
monstrosity of an eye-stalk developing a flagellum or lash- 
like termination. In this species Spence Bate enumerates 
twenty-six pairs of branchiz, this number including six 
pairs of ‘mastigobranchiz,’ which are in fact epipods, 
whether accompanied or not by podobranchize, which also 
arise from the first jomt. With the help of Mr. R. I. 
Pocock, I have come to the conclusion that Linuparis and 
Panulirus were not named as generally supposed by Dr. J. E. 
Gray, but by Mr. Adam White, in 1847, the characters of 
the new genera being left to be inferred from those of the 
known species which were transferred to them, a slovenly 
method of definition which is much to be deprecated. 
Palinurellus, von Martens, 1878, is distinguished from 
Palinurus, by the feeble antennz, the nearly smooth cara- 
pace, and its rostriform front covering the base of the 
antennee and eye-stalks. The type Palinurellus gundlachi 
is from Cuba. The genus Synaves, which Spence Bate 
established in 1881, and retained in 1888, is described as 
having the rostrum produced beyond the segment of the 
first antennee and united with that of the second antennz 
