244 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 
majority of them is very far down in the waters, as other- 
wise they might just as well have been discovered earlier. 
Acanthephyra sica, Spence Bate, is as remarkable as any 
of the species for its range, the specimens taken by the 
Challenger coming from depths that varied between half a 
mile and over three miles, and from places so distant as 
New Zealand and Japan, Bermudas and the Falkland 
Islands. Acanthephyra pellucida, A. Milne-Edwards, is of 
a beautiful rose-colour in daylight and abundantly lumi- 
nous in the dark. 
Ephyrina, 8. I. Smith, 1885, is distinguished from 
Acanthephyra by the unusual dilatation of the third and 
fourth joints of the last trunk-legs. The type Hphyrinu 
Benedicti, Smith, was taken by the Albatross. 
Oplophérus, Milne-Edwards, 1857, if the want of an 
aspirate be forgiven, is well named ‘the bearer of heavy 
arms.’ Especially this applies to the long and strong 
scale on the second antennz, which tapers to a sharp 
point, and is described as capable of being rigidly locked 
in position and unfixed at will. It is judged that this 
weapon must be capable of inflicting a deep wound, which 
the serrate outer margin of the scale would render all the 
more dangerous. Spence Bate argues that the animal’s 
power of progression must be great, for ‘the teeth upon 
the dorsal surface of the pleon can be tightly compressed 
against the body; the appendages not utilised are capable 
of being drawn close to the animal, and its narrow form 
and polished sides seem fitted to enable it to shoot through 
the water.’ With the rostrum and outstretched antennal 
scales it would, he thinks, be capable of a formidable 
attack on animals larger than itself, nor, when at rest, 
with these same weapons extended forwards and outwards 
could it be easily approached, especially as the dorsal 
spines on the pleon would then be in a posture of defence 
in the rear, and on the flanks its strong integument sup- 
ports and is defended by spines on the carapace and first 
pleon-segment. In the account of Oplophorus typus, 
Milne-Edwards, Spence Bate says :—‘ The most remarkable 
feature of the carapace is a lateral process on the posterior 
