HERRING FOOD 263 
[ Boreophausia],G. O. Sars, 1883, has the basal joint of 
the first antenne without an apical leaflet. It was esta- 
blished to receive two northern species, which had been 
successively placed in the genera Thysanopoda and Hu- 
phausia, and which are now Boreophausia inermis (Kroyer) 
and Boreophausia Raschii (Michael Sars). Both are found 
in Scottish waters, and since Norman identifies Boreophau- 
sia Raschit with Rhoda Jardineana, G. Sim, 1872,it seems 
that the generic name ought to be Rhoda. 
Thysanopoda, Milne-Edwards, 1830, has only the last 
pair of legs rudimentary, and even these have a well- 
developed exopod ; the last pair but one are like those 
that precede them. All the true branchiz are provided 
with an anteriorly bent branch. The type species is 
Thysanopoda tricuspida, Milne-Edwards. ‘The British 
species T’hysanopoda Couchii, Bell, and various others have 
been transferred to different genera. 
Nyctiphdnes, G. O. Sars, 1883, which means ‘ one that 
shines by night,’ like Thysanopoda, has only the last pair 
of legs rudimentary, but the preceding pair are a little 
imperfect, being devoid of the three terminal joints. In 
both pairs the exopod is developed in the male, but want- 
ing in the female. The basal joint of the first antennee 
carries a peculiar reflexed leaflet at the apex. Nyctiphanes 
norvegict (Michael Sars) is reported from the Firth of 
Clyde as abundant and fine everywhere in deep water, on 
a muddy bottom, as far up as Loch Goil. Young speci- 
mens are said to be not uncommon at the surface in the 
Firth of Forth, especially in winter and spring. In certain 
districts it forms an important part of the food of the 
herrings. A specimen has been taken alive on the shore at 
low water in North Devon. Nyctiphanes Couchit (Bell) is 
distinguished from the preceding species by having no 
lateral spines on the carapace and by having a spine over 
the base of the telson. It is recorded from Cornwall and 
Banff. Very like itis Nyctiphanes australis, Sars, which 
appears to be restricted to the Australian seas. In de- 
scribing this species Sars says that two of the female 
specimens were ovigerous, a condition seldom met with 
