392 A HISTORY OF RECENT CRUSTACEA 
CHAPTER XXVI 
TRIBE VI.—EPICARIDEA 
THis tribe consists of Crustacea which in the adult 
state are parasitic upon other Crustacea, to which allusion 
is made in the tribal name signifying ‘dwellers upon 
shrimps.’ The females become degraded in form and often 
very unsymmetrical, while the males, much smaller and 
symmetrical, are often free, but usually do not quit their 
partners. 
The notion entertained of old by the French fisher-folk, 
that the Bopyri in the prawn were young flat-fish, received 
scientific support from M. Deslandes in 1722, but in 1772 
was disproved by M. Fougeroux de Bondaroy. For some 
sixty or seventy years after his time the knowledge of the 
group was but slowly advanced. Remarkable forms were 
obscurely described by Cavolini, Montagu, and Risso. 
Others were made known later on with clearer definition 
by H. Rathke and Kréyer. Duvernoy and Dana contri- 
buted new genera ; and by degrees the tribe both gathered 
volume and evoked attention. During the last thirty 
years Fritz Miiller, R. Kossmann, Paul Fraisse, and 
various other writers of eminence have thrown light upon 
the subject from several points of view, and in the latter 
part of that period the labours of MM. Giard and Bonnier 
have introduced order and clearness into its arrangement. 
The writings of these last-named observers will not soon 
or easily be superseded as the leading authorities on this 
tribe. They ascribe to it seven families, the Microniscide, 
Cyproniscide, Dajidee, Cabiropsidz, Cryptoniscidee, Ento- 
niscidee, and Bopyridee, for which they propose the follow- 
ing phylogenetic table :— 
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