MICRONISCIDA3—CYPRONISCIDA 397 
The type, Microniscus fuscus, found by Miiller on a species 
of Calanus on the coast of Brazil, is characterised by 
having ‘the third pair of thoracic feet longer than the 
others, and terminating in an oval lamella, by which the 
animal fixes itself on its host.’ Microniscus caldnmi, Sars, 
1882 (see Plate XVII.), with all seven pairs of feet 
similar, fastens itself to the back of Calanus finmarchicus, 
Gunner, and, according to Sars, also to Pseudocalanus 
elongatus, Boeck. It is possible, however, that the para- 
sites on the latter Copepod have not been specially ex- 
amined to determine their identity with those on the 
former. Microniscus calani has the pleopods two-branched, 
a character which ‘ is only met with exceptionally in the 
cryptoniscian embryo of the Entoniscidze and the Bopyridx, 
while it is the rule in the Cryptoniscide.’ 
Family 2.—Cyproniscidee. 
They are parasitic on Ostracoda. 
Cyproniscus, Kossmann, 1884. The characters of the 
family and genus rest on those of a single species, Cypro- 
niscus cypridince (Sars), 1882 (see Plate XVII.), which is 
thus described :—‘ The adult female, deprived of all the 
mouth-organs and appendages, with the whole body filled 
with eggs, sack-like, curved, the arched middle of the back 
divided into six or seven indistinct segments, the ventral 
side flattened, the sides slightly expanded, the frontal part 
widely cordate, exserted, defined by an emargination on 
either side from the lateral parts. The male (? when adult) 
like the female devoid of appendages, with the body 
spindle-shaped, indistinctly segmented, the anterior ex- 
tremity furnished on either side with a long flexuous root- 
like process for fixation. An advanced larval stage re- 
sembling Cryptothiria pygmcea in form and structure, but a 
little more elongate, and quite without eyes.’ Sars found 
these queer animals at the Lofoden Isles fixed within the 
valves of Cypridina norvegica, Baird, to the hindmost part 
of the animal’s back, calmly occupying the space properly 
belonging to the eggs of its host. Asa rule he found what 
