Editorial, Neurology and Psychology. 193 



and concepts which may issue in motions. In response to 

 the question: "Where then, is the seat of the intellect?" 

 Munk replies, " The intellect has its seat over the entire cor- 

 tex, for it is but the sum and result of all the concepts aris- 

 ing from sense-perceptions. Every lesion of the cortex im- 

 pairs the intelligence, the injury increasing with the extent 

 of the lesion.'' 



The fifth contribution is chiefly of interest because of the 

 attempt to determine areas of the occipital cortex correspond- 

 ing to all parts of the retina, and the discussion of causes of 

 partial decussation of optic fibres in animals whose visual 

 fields are not mutually exclusive. 



In the seventh of these papers we need only notice the 

 single case recorded of a bilateral disease of the hippo- 

 campus which resulted, in all appearance, in complete loss of 

 the sense of smell, an observation which derives some value 

 from the fact that the hippocampus is about the only region 

 which has not been experimentally investigated, and smell 

 and taste and smell are the only specific sensory functions 

 not localized. 



At a time when Munk's views seemed to enjoy an easy 

 triumph, there appeared an article by Loeb(') which con- 

 tained results, which, if reliable, would have undermined all 

 the work of Munk and his Italian colaborators, Luciani and 

 Tamburini, not to mention Ferrier. 



He concludes, " I have never observed a motor disturb- 

 ance after lesions of the occipital lobe without injury to 

 vision or disturbance of vision, after lesions of the parietal 

 lobe without motor disturbance. On the other hand, visual 

 disturbance was frequently encountered alone on injury to 

 the occipital lobe." Injury to any part of the cortex might 

 produce visual disturbance. In short, we cannot tell whether 

 the cortex contains a specific apparatus for visual perception 

 or not. 



I LoEii, " Die Sehstcirungen nach Verletrung der Grosshirnrinde," Pfliiger's Archiv. 

 XXXIV. 1884. 



