Literary Notices. Ill 



Clark, Austin H. The Migration of Certain Shore Birds. The Auk, N. S., Vol. 22, pp. 134-140, 

 1905- 

 The author suggests that the planetary winds are an important factor in guiding 

 migrating birds, especially over the trackless ocean, the birds being always prone 

 to fly at right angles to the wind. He suggests also that the peculiar routes taken 

 by certain species are due to eastward and westward leeway caused by these winds 



WALLACE CRAIG. 



Cole, Leon J. and Tooker, H. C. Habits of a Muskrat in Captivity. Fourth Report of the 

 Michigan Academy of Science, pp. 199-205. 1904. 



An interesting account of the food and feeding habits, general activities and 

 space perception of a muskrat which was kept in captivity by the authors. 



The chief points of the paper may be summarized as follows. The animal 

 washes face and grates teeth before eating. It eats almost any vegetable, leaves, 

 fruit, etc., and is especially fond of carrots. Surplus food is stored. No animal 

 food is taken. Quiet during the day; active at night. "It does not fully appre- 

 ciate height — a trait connected with its aquatic habits." R. M. Y. 

 Janet, Charles. Observations sur les Guepes. Paris, pp. 85. 1903. 



In this paper Janet has brought together descriptions of the activities of several 

 species of Vespa, and of Polistes gallicus. Nest construction, care of larvae, food, 

 enemies, and general activities are considered. The paper contains almost too 

 many "observations diverses" to be scientifically satisfactory, but it does present 

 a great number of facts which are interesting and valuable from the natural history 

 standpoint. R. M. Y. 



Duret, H. Les Tumeurs de I'Encephale, Manifestations et Chirurgie. 836 pp., 297 figures. Paris, 

 F. Alcan, 1905. 



This extensive monograph has grown out of the Report on Cerebral 

 Tumors made to the French Congress of Surgery in 1903, and aims to present a 

 comprehensive picture of the actual state of our knowledge in this field at the present 

 time, including original contributions of importance. 



The work is divided into four parts. The first part, General Manifestations, 

 includes chapters on the Syndrome and Semeiology of encephalic tumors, com- 

 prising their constitution, variation, pathogeny and general symptomatology. The 

 second part includes the local manifestations, taking up each part of the brain in 

 detail and also the osseous walls at the base of the brain (pp. 170-471). The 

 third part is devoted to diagnosis, taken up under the headings, semeiotic diag- 

 nosis, differential diagnosis, topographic diagnosis, diagnosis of multiple tuinors 

 and diagnosis of the nature of the neoplasm (pp. 472-591). The fourth part. 

 Surgery (pp. 592-828), contains five chapters, entitled. Historical, Indications, 

 Operative Procedures, Statistical Tables and Results of the operations. 



The tables include an exceedingly valuable analytic summary of four hundred 

 operations, gathered from the entire literature. They are followed by a detailed 

 analysis of the cases on the basis of age, sex, the nature and location of the tumors, 

 results, etc. It appears that in these 400 cases 19.5 per cent, succumbed to the 

 primary effects of the operation, an advance from 25 per cent, in 1899. Seventy- 

 three per cent, received positive benefit, and considerably more than half of the 

 cases received permanent amelioration or cure. Attention is called to the fact that 

 nearly half of the cases operated are sarcoma or glioma and we do not obtain better 

 results with this class of neoplasms in other regions of the body. c. J. H. 



