APPENDIX II APPENDIX II 
(1947), 16 U.S.C. §758); to satisfy certain fundamental needs 
of the fishing industry--freedom of enterprise, protection of 
opportunity, and assistance to the industry, among others and 
to administer the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 with the intent 
of "stimulating the development of a strong, prosperous, and 
thriving fishery and fish processing industry" (§3 of the Fish 
and Wildlife Act of 1956, 16 U.S.C. §742a); "to promote domestic, 
commercial and recreational fishing under sound conservation 
and management principles" (§2(b)(5) of P.L. 94-265, Fishery 
Conservation and Management Act of 1976). 
The progression of legislation from 1903 to the present 
indicates a subtle change in the Nation's stated policy from one 
of fostering and promoting the fishing industry in 1903 (P.L. 
57-552) implying growth and expansion, to the more recent policy 
of developing and protecting the industry (Fish and Wildlife 
Act of 1956), and "that our fishing industry be afforded all 
support necessary to have it strengthened" (Eastland Resolution), 
implying preventing deterioration of the industry and the more 
effective use of the existing industry. In the Fishery Conser- 
vation and Management Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-265), Congress' 
declared purpose is a return to promotion (growth) of the 
industry. If the perceived change is unintentional, perhaps 
Congress should clarify the fishery policy. The declared policy 
of the nation with regard to the fishing industry is important 
because it impacts on the interpretation and implementation 
of laws affecting the industry. 
The many Federal laws notwithstanding, the States have 
significant impact on the fishing industry vis-a-vis their 
own laws. With few exceptions, the seaward boundary of each 
coastal state is three miles distant from its coast line (§4 
of the Submerged Lands Act, 43 U.S.C. §1312). Within these 
waters the States have, according to section 3 of the Sub- 
merged Lands Act: 
"x * *(1) title to and ownership of the 
lands beneath [these] waters * * *, and 
the natural resources within such lands 
and waters, and (2) the right and power 
to manage, administer, lease, develop, and 
use the said lands and natural resources 
all in accordance with applicable State 
Jaws s ete 
