APPENDIX III APPENDIX III 
EFFECTS OF A 200-MILE LIMIT 
The Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 ex- 
tends U.S. jurisdiction over coastal fisheries resources and 
provides for improved fishery management. NMFS officials be- 
lieve that the surf clam will be managed by a Regional 
Fishery Management Council because the majority of the catch 
has been harvested beyond 3 miles off the U.S. coast and 
because the surf clam is a continental shelf-fishery resource. 
The other major clam species are caught predominantly within 
the 3-mile territorial zone under State jurisdiction. 
Employment 
The number of fishermen in the U.S. clam fishery re- 
mained relatively stable during the period 1960 to 1971 as 
shown in the following table. Employment in the Pacific coast 
fishery declined from 3,187 in 1960 to 809 in 1972. Overall 
processing employment figures were not readily available. 
TABLE 7 
U.S. Clam Fishery 
1960-71 
Year Number of fishermen 
1960 16,094 
1961 16,080 
1962 AY AG 
1963 16,341 
1964 Sp OLS 
1965 16,884 
1966 16,459 
1967 13) 5 2Y57/ 
1968 14,369 
1969 ILS) 5 bey ak 
1970 14,979 
1971 16,638 
35) 
