APPENDIX III APPENDIX Iii 
In addition to the number of fishermen working in the 
Pacific salmon fisheries, about 7,000 people, according to 
a 1974 report prepared by Living Marine Resource, Inc., were 
employed in the salmon processing operations. 
Recreational fishing 
The United States and Canada maintain large and important 
recreational fisheries for Pacific salmon. Nearly 2 million 
salmon are caught annually by approximately 1 million fisher- 
men. Public participation in sport salmon fishing is continu- 
ally increasing along the Pacific coast. 
An NMFS report showed that the salmon sport fisheries' 
average annual expenditure from 1965 to 1970 was conservative- 
ly estimated at $28.6 million. In 1973 Washington, Oregon, 
and Idaho reported 880,138 salmon anglers.1/These fishermen 
caught about 1.5 million fish, with most fishing concentrat- 
ing on the chinook and coho salmon. In 1973 the State of 
Washington had the largest recreational salmon catch, ac- 
counting for about 45 percent of the total Pacific sport sal- 
mon catch. The State of Washington estimated $42.2 million 
in expenditures were due to the sport salmon fishery in 1973. 
A Washington State fishery official said that the effect 
on the commercial harvest of salmon by recreational fishermen 
is significant in Washington and Oregon. An Alaska State Fish 
& Game official said that recreational salmon fishing does 
not presently have a serious widespread effect on Alaska's 
commercial salmon fisheries. He said, however, that in the 
vicinity of the major population centers, the recreational 
fishing pressure is strong and commercial fishing for sport 
target species has been restrained. 
Management controls 
Five States, various Indian tribes, and the Federal 
Government all exert some control over the Pacific salmon 
fishery. In 1953 the Congress passed the Submerged Lands Act, 
granting coastal States the rights and powers to manage, 
administer, develop, and use their natural resources. This 
gave the States of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, and California 
jurisdiction over fishery resources. These States have juris- 
diction over fishery resources in the 0-3 mile territorial 
waters of the United States (as well as jurisdiction over 
their own citizens engaged in fishery activities, even though 
those activities take place beyond the territorial limits of 
1/Pigure includes steelhead fishermen in Idaho. 
210 
