APPENDIX III APPENDIX III 
the State. According to NMFS, before passage of the Fishery 
Conservation and Management Act of 1976, no clear authority 
for management by either the States or the Federal Govern- 
ment existed in the Contiguous Fisheries Zone (3-12 miles) 
and the resources beyond 12 miles were controlled only 
through international bilateral or multilateral agreements. 
Our discussion of management controls at the State level 
will be limited to the State agencies of Alaska and Washing- 
ton, recognizing that the other States of Oregon, California, 
and Idaho also have natural resource management agencies. 
Salmon in Alaska 
In Alaska, prior to statehood, the salmon resource was 
managed by the Federal Government. With statehood in 1959, 
Management authority was transferred to the State. The 
Department of Fish and Game administers the State program for 
the management, conservation, and development of the commer- 
cial fishing, sport fishing, and game resources. 
The State Board of Fish and the State Board of Game are 
seven-member boards appointed by the Governor. These boards 
establish open and closed seasons and areas, the means and 
methods used in pursuing, capturing, and transporting fish or 
game,-and their limits and quotas. The Department of Public 
Safety is responsible for patrolling and enforcing State 
fishing regulations. 
The Alaska Commercial Fisheries Entry Commission is a 
regulatory agency created by the 1973 legislature. The Com- 
mission's objectives are to promote conservation and sustained 
yield management of the fishery resource for the economic 
health and stability of commercial fishing in Alaska. The 
Fisheries Entry Commission evolved after years of controversy 
regarding access to the fisheries. The State of Alaska first 
attempted to limit the number of fishermen in 1967. The pro- 
gram was declared unconstitutional by the Alaska Attorney 
General. In 1968, a limited entry regulation was proposed by 
the State Boards of Fish and Game and supported by legis~ 
Lation.in.1971 both the regqularvons and) the Slate law awe a= 
found by Alaska Superior Court to violate parts of both the 
U.S. Constitution and the Alaska State Constitution. A 
constitutional amendment was approved by the voters of Alaska 
on August 22, 1972. The amendment gave the State the power 
to implement a limited entry program. 
PML 
