APPENDIX III APPENDIX III 
traditional Indian religious and other ceremonies and person- 
al subsistence, the Court excluded fish actually used for 
those purposes from the sharing formula. It also excluded 
fish taken on the reservations, Since the treaties reserved 
these areas exclusively for the Indians. 
In August 1975 U.S. District Court Judge Robert Belloni 
issued a supplemental order in the case of United States v. 
Oregon, calling for the States of Washington and Oregon, with 
the cooperation of the tribes, to promulgate comprehensive 
rules to assure the treaty tribes an opportunity to take up 
EORDUSpercenteoOrethewhanrvest Of Columbial Raver fall chinook 
salmon destined to reach the Indians' fishing ground, when 
the States permit to be taken by all. Together, the Boldt and 
Belloni decisions cover the major salmon runs of Washington 
and Oregon and principally affect who catches the salmon 
resources, Indian or non-Indian fishermen. 
International management controls 
In addition to State controls, salmon are subject to 
some international agreements. The International Pacific 
Salmon Fisheries Commission calls for the conservation and 
rehabilitation of sockeye and pink salmon occurring in the 
Frazer River of Canada and adjacent waters. For these two 
species, the convention goes beyond a strictly management 
function to provide for an equal division of the catch be- 
tween the United States and Canada. The International North 
Pacific Fisheries Commission includes the United States, 
Canada, and Japan. The Commission has the responsibility to 
study fish stocks, recommend joint conservation action, and 
administer absention from any stocks intensively exploited 
in the North Pacific Ocean. The Commission limits the Japan- 
ese take of North American salmon. 
OPPORTUNITIES FOR GROWTH AND 
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FISHERY 
Resource availability 
According to NMFS, available Pacific salmon resources 
are, for all practical purposes, fully utilized... However, 
several opportunities exist to increase salmon resources 
through various enhancement, aquaculture, and rehabilitation 
programs. 
The Pacific salmon resource can be increased by con- 
structing hatchery systems to incubate, hatch, and grow young 
Salmon. Along the Pacific coast, over 100 salmon hatcheries 
are operating and several more are planned, especially in 
216 
