APPENDIX III APPENDIX III 
Japan's fishing activities, however, do have a large effect 
on the Bristol Bay sockeye salmon of Alaska. The estimated 
average annual catch is about 2.5 million salmon. Any further 
limitations in salmon landings by Japan could provide an in- 
crease to the U.S. fishermen in Bristol Bay. 
Harvesting capability 
Although harvesting capability is adequate, restrictive 
harvesting regulations are prevalent throughout the salmon 
industry. For example, the State of Alaska prohibits the use 
of a drum seine or net reel. Seine vessels cannot be more 
than 50 feet registered length, monofilament gillnets cannot 
be used, and a troller cannot have more than four lines. Also, 
in some districts the length of gillnets is restricted and in 
other districts the use of Seines is prohibited. Limitations 
on fishing time and fishing areas are widespread. According 
to NMFS, the above regulations restrict economic efficiency 
in the Alaska salmon fisheries. 
In California, only troll lines are permitted. Oregon 
allows troll lines and drift gillnets. Washington limits the 
Size of gillnets and purse seines, limits the number of troll 
lines, prohibits the use of monofilament gillnets, and pro- 
hibits and restricts many other devices. The States also re- 
quire minimum net mesh sizes for conservation purposes. In 
these States, seasons are limited and fishing within season 
is limited by weekly closures in many areas. According to 
NMFS, these regulations and limitations restrain economic 
efficiency and cause underutilization of gear. 
Product development 
and processing 
Industry representatives told us that no major obstacles 
exist in the Pacific salmon industry concerning product de- 
velopment and processing. 
Market development 
Salmon industry officials said that strong domestic and 
foreign markets exist for all forms of salmon products. One 
official indicated that the availability of supply was the 
major obstacle in developing new markets. 
Management controls 
Several entities are involved with managing the U.S. 
salmon resource. No single entity, however, has complete con- 
trol over the salmon resource throughout its entire migratory 
range. 
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