APPENDIX III APPENDIX IIT 
--Reduced U.S. access to traditional fisheries: 
An industry representative stated the enactment by 
the United States of a 200-mile conservation zone will 
sanction existing conservation zones and encourage 
other coastal nations to establish zones. Industry, 
IATTC and NMFS officials believe this will eventually 
force the United States out of many traditional fish- 
ing grounds and lessen the domestic tuna catch. 
--Increased operating costs and fishing restrictions: 
An industry consultant reported that if foreign 
nations license U.S. vessels to fish within their 200- 
mile conservation zones, the fees could add $100 to 
$200 thousand a year in operating costs for each purse 
seiner, which could make licensing fees equal to fuel 
COSsirEs: 
In 1973 for example, Ecuador, which had an estab- 
lished 200-mile fishing zone, assessed a licensing fee 
of $55,000 per trip for a 1,100-ton purse seiner. 
Costa Rica, another country with a 200-mile fishing zone, 
proposed in 1975 to charge a similar size purse ‘seiner 
$71,500 for an initial fishing permit, with a renewal fee 
.Of $66,000 for 60 additional days. 
An industry representative informed us Mexico and 
Costa Rica may require that their nationals be employed 
as crew members by U.S. vessels fishing in their ter- 
ritorial waters. Foreign crew requirements may approach 
75 percent. 
--Endangered international fishery control: 
An IATTC official stated the IATTC is near collapse 
due to the enactment of fishery conservation zones. 
The coastal nations in the IATTC are setting up a new 
commission designed to allow each nation to control 
the resource within its own zone. According to the 
IATTC and tuna industry representatives, national con- 
trol of tuna will not be effective because of the 
international migration patterns of the resource. They 
claim tuna management must be internationally controlled. 
The Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, 
however, specifically includes sanctions designed to mini- 
mize the anticipated negative effects on the tuna fishery. 
The following four provisions were designed to reduce the 
negative effects. 
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