CEPHALOPODA. 171 



front by ridges and grooves. Buccal membrane 6-lobed. Arms 

 (except tbe ventral pair) webbed high up. Tentacles long, out- 

 side the web, with, six rows of dentated cups on their ends. 



Fen short and broad. 



Distribution, 2 species. Mediterranean ; in the open sea. 



Onychotextthis, Lichtenstein. Uncinated calamary. 



Etymology, onyx, a claw, and teuthis. 



Type, 0. banksii, Leach ( — bartlingii ?). PI. I., fig. Y and 

 fig. 8 {pen). 



Synonyms, ancistroteuthis (Gray). Onychia (Lesueur). 



Pen narrow, with hollow, conical apex. 



Arms with two rows of suckers. Tentacles long and powerful, 

 armed with a double series of hooks; and usually having a 

 small group of suckers at the base of each club, which they are 

 supposed to unite, and thus use their tentacles in conjunction.* 

 Length four inches to two feet. 



The uncinated calamaries are solitary animals, frequenting 

 the open sea, and especially the banks of gulf- weed {sargasso). 

 0. banksii ranges from Norway to the Cape and Indian Ocean ; 

 the rest are confined to warm seas. 0. dussumieri has been taken 

 swimming in the open sea, 200 leagues north of the Mauritius. 



Distribution, 8 species. Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Pacific. 



Enoploteuthis, D'Orbigny. Armed calamary. 



Etymology, enoplos, armed, and teuthis. 



Type, E. smithii. Leach. 



Synonyms, ancistrochirus and abralia (Gray), octopodoteuthis 

 (Euppell), verania (Krohn). 



Pen lanceolate. Arms provided with a double series of horny 

 hooks, concealed by retractile webs. Tentacles long and feeble, 

 with small hooks at the end. Length (excluding the tentacles) 

 from two inches to one foot ; but some species attain a largei 

 size. In the museum of the College of Surgeons there is an 

 arm of the specimen of E. unguiculata, found by Banks and 

 Solander in Cook's first voyage (mentioned at p. 158), sup- 

 posed to have been 6 feet long when perfect. The natives of 

 the Polynesian Islands, who dive for shell- fish, have a well- 

 founded dread of these formidable creatures. (Owen.) 



Distribution, 10 species. Mediterranean, Pacific. 



Fossil, 1 species. Oolite. 



• The obstetric forceps of Professor Simpson were suggested by the suckers of th« 

 calamary. 



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