342 U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
of the name, virginianus, especially as a strict construction of the law of priority, as based on 
the evidence of the date of publication on the title page, would lead to the same result. 
It is somewhat remarkable that in a considerable number of fossil teeth and jaws of foxes from 
the bone cave of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and other localities, there should be none referable at 
all to the red fox. All have the peculiar characteristics of the gray foxes already mentioned. 
It is, however, difficult to consider them altogether the same with the Vulpes virginianus, which, 
also, they exceed quite considerably in size. Comparing them with the oldest and largest of 
seven gray foxes before me, the muzzle is broader, the head between the orbits much more so, 
the zygoma higher anteriorly. The teeth are also much larger. The lower jaw is higher, and 
the upper outline, exclusive of the teeth, is nearly straight, not slightly concave; the height behind 
the sectorial teeth is six-tenths of an inch, instead of 0.45, asin the recent specimens. The 
teeth are larger in every way, and the posterior molar has but one pointed central tubercle, 
instead of two twin ones. There are other differences, which I shall not now stop to enumerate. 
I do not venture, however, to impose a new name, as I doubt whether I have yet seen the largest 
size of the gray foxes, and am consequently ignorant of the changes which the skulls may 
undergo. 
Measurements of skulls. 
No. 968, Q. No. 845, young. No. 1175. 
Washington. | Pennsylvania. Texas. 
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Inches and |100ths of total; Inches and /100ths of total}; Inches and |100ths of total 
100ths. length. 100ths. Jength. } 100ths. length. 
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SKULL 
Dota en pth) gee e seams ae eee eee 4. 68 1.00 | 4,48 1.00 4.59 1.00 
Tutennmasilaries Locondy lene. eee ee ee 4. 66 99) || 4.32 .96 4.47 97 
Greatest WiGth == sees = ee eee = =— eae 2. 60 - 55 2. 37 52 2.57 . 56 
Greatest height above basi-occipal..--.----------- 1.43 35 || 1.45 32 37 29 
Distance between orbits ------------------------ .92 me ee 195 95 . 20 
Distance between points of orbital processes- -- - - -- 147 | ~3l 1. 25 28 Full eee seer 
Nasal bones, Jength <-----.....--<0-=-2<=--24 ih ae) 1.64 | ow alla aelase 30 1.56 34 
‘Museil hanes. aidths Delihe, <a. oe ce nce ee oii Me |. ako .08 41 09 
Narrowest part of muzzle behind incisors --------- 12 wioe || .76 ales . 70 15 
Upper incisors. from front to hinder margin of palate.) 2. 33 -50 || 2,20 -49 2. 23 - 49 
Upper incisors, width between external edges - ---- ~ 52 -ll ede bie Soo) RSs -51 -1l 
Upper molars, length taken together------------- 1.72 -36 |) 1.70 - 38 1. 68 36 
Upper molars, least distance between ------~------ -48 -10 | Seas Seu ee Ms SASS - 45 . 09 
Lower jaw, length excluding incisors..-----.----- 3.41 18. 3. 23 72 3. 37 .73 
PUG Wer AW, NeIPhG iu. sae soe cene em aoa sb eR =a 1. 50 32 1.43 31 1.47 . 32 
Between line of orbital processes to occiput ~------ 2. 34 50 2. 22 49 2.20 - 48 
Tana oa ao eee ae ee epee ae Se eee 7 Wilt 46 || 2.12 47 2.10 45 
Dod OL oDtenmAR UBT oo. nae eee eae 2. 67 57 2. 65 59 2. 60 . 56 
Orbit to end of intermaxillary ------------------ 1.72 . 36 1.73 . 38 1.75 . 88 
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EEE 
