MAMMALS—URSIDAE—URSUS HORRIBILIS, 219 
URSUS HORRIBILIS, Ord. 
Grizzly Bear. 
Ursus herribilis, Orv, Guthrie’s Geography, 2d Am. Ed. II, 1815, 291, 299. 
Say, in Long’s Exped. II, 1823, 53. 
Doveury’s Cab. Am. N. H. I, 1830, 121; pl. xi. 
Gopman, Am. N. H.1, 1831, 131. 
Ursus ferox, (‘* Lewis & Crark,’’) Ricuarpson, F. B. A. I, 1829, 24; pl. i. 
Fiscuer, Synopsis, 1829, 144. 
Maxim. Reise in das innere Nordam. I, 1839, 488. 
Wacener, Suppl. Schreb. I, 1841, 138.—Is. in Schreber, III, tab. exli, C. (Copied from Richardson.) 
. Aup. & Bacu. N. A. Quad. IIL, 1853, 141; pl. exxxi. 
Georrr. Voyage de la Venus, Zool. I, 1855, 123; pl v. (Skeleton.) 
GreseEL, Saiugt. 1855, 742. 
Max. von Wiep & Mayer, Verh. K. L. C. Akad. der Naturf. XXVI, 1857, (2?) 39; pl. iii, animal; 
pl. iv, skull. 
Danis ferox, (‘‘ Gray,’’) Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. R. A. 1842, 74. 
Ursus cinereus, Desm. Mamm. I, 1820, 164. 
Hartay, F. Am. 1825, 48. 
Ursus candescens, Ham. Smitu, Griff. Cuy. II, 1827, 229; V, 1827, 112. (Plate from Lewis & Clark’s specimen in 
Philadelphia Museum.) 
Ursus arctos, var., MippENnvDorrrF, Sibirische Reise, IT, 1, 1853,4, 54, 61. 
White bear, Barron, Phila. Med. & Phys. Jour. I, 1805, 75. 
Warkxin’s, Amer. Phil. Trans. VI, 1809, 70. 
Grizzly, gray, white, and brown bear, Lewis & Ciark, passim. 
Gray bear of America, Journal de Phys. LXXXI, July, 1815, 416. 
Dewitt Cuinton, Trans. N. Y. Lit. & Phil. Soc. I, 1815, 56. 
Sp. Cu.—Size very large. Tail shorter than ears. Hair coarse, darkest near the base, with light tips. An erect mane 
between the shoulders. Feet very large; fore claws twice as long as the hinder ones. A dark dorsal stripe from occiput to tail, 
and another lateral one on each side along the flanks, obscured and nearly concealed by the light tips ; intervals between the 
stripes lighter. All the hairs on the body brownish yellow or hoary at tips. Region around ears dusky; legs nearly black. 
Muzzle pale, without a darker dorsal stripe. 
A young grizzly, obtained near San Francisco by Dr. Newberry, and measuring about 3} 
feet, exhibits in miniature all the peculiar characters of the species. The head is long and 
acute, as in young bears; the mufile is truncated and naked above for about half an inch from 
the tip. The nostrils are rather open, and the groove in the anterior face of the upper lip, 
extending to the septum, is naked. The ears are large and conspicuous above the fur ; rather 
narrow and high, and well coated with hair. They are about three inches high above the skull, 
(exclusive of the hair.) The tail is shorter than the ear by nearly an inch. 
The fore claws, as usual, are larger than the hinder ones. The fourth is longest, then the 
third, second, first, and fifth. The first claw is much the most arched and convex in its dorsal 
outline, and the rest become successively less and less curved : the longest measures about 2} 
inches. They are compressed to near the tips, where they are depressed and slightly rounded 
along the short and truncate tip; here they are not dissimilar in shape to the incisors of the 
beaver, though larger. The digits preserve much the same proportions as the claw, except that 
the fifth is rather longer than the first. The balls of the fingers are longer than broad, and 
are separated from the large pads by a hairy depression. The main pad is twice as broad as 
long, and narrows from the outside inwards. The single small circular pad near the outer edge of 
the foot is separated from the main pad by an interval equal to its own diameter—about one 
