No. 1.] ORIGIN OF HUMAN MONSTERS. 133 
structures—muscles and nerves—which are difficult to trace. 
Some nerves pass to the epidermis and may represent branches 
of the fifth, and one forms a commissure across the median 
line. At any rate, there has been a great deal of shifting, and 
it is natural to think that the eyes did likewise, as is the case 
in the experiments on Fundulus, mentioned above. 
EMBRYOS OF THE FIGHTH WEEK AND OLDER. 
There are but two specimens of the eighth week (Nos. 79 
and 152), one about 56 and the other 57 days old. Both are 
strangulated embryos imbedded in a mass of granular magma 
with the chorion more or less infiltrated with leucocytes. No. 
152 is from a woman suffering with endometritis, this being 
her third successive abortion, each of which took place during 
the third month of pregnancy. In this specimen the umbilical 
cord is thin and very much twisted, a condition which might 
also interfere with the nutrition of the embryo. 
The bodies of the two embryos are more or less altered, the 
greatest change being found in the central nervous system, as 
found in so many of the younger specimens. The vascular 
system is dilated and there are clumps of blood cells in the 
surrounding tissues. In No. 152 the connective tissue appears 
to be more fibrous than is normal, the cutis being more or less 
hypertrophied. 
The remaining specimens may be considered in two groups: 
(1) Those with a tendency towards club-foot, the most com- 
mon malformation, and (2) those tending towards partial 
destruction of the central nervous system, also a very common 
malformation. At the present time, I cannot do better than 
to describe these specimens in regular order, for there are not 
enough specimens to allow following the changes from one 
to the other with any degree of certainty. Table XVII shows, 
however, that the placentz are involved in all cases in which 
they were studied. The villi are more or less fibrous or hya- 
