216 



U, S. p. R R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT 



TURDUS SWAINSONII, Cab. 



Olive-backed Thrush. 



Turdus swainsonii. Cab. in Tschudi F. Peruana, 1844-'46, 168. — Ib. in V, Homeyer's Rhea, II, 149. — Ib. Mus. Hein. 



1850, 5. (Siberia.) 

 ? Turdits brunneia, Boddaert, Tab. PJ. enl. 1783, according to Gray in Genera. Based on PI. enl. 556, f. 2. 

 Turdus minor, Gm. Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 809. (Combined with T. fascescens.) — Vieillot, Ois. Am Sept. II, 1807, 7 ; 



pi. Uiii. (Mi.\ed with T. pallasii )— Bon. List. 1838.— Ib. Conspectus 1850, 271. 

 ? .' Tardus fuscus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat I, 1788, 817. (Mixed with T. mustelinus?) 

 Turdus solitarius, Wilson, Am. Orn. V, pi. xliii, fig. 2, (.figure only ) — Sw. F. Bor. Am. 11, 1831, pi. xxxvi, (figure 



only.) 

 Merula wilsonii, Sw. F. B. A. II, 1831, (not the figure.) 

 Turdus olivaceus, Giracd, Birds Long Island, 1843- '44, 92, (not of Linn, or Bodd.) — Brewer, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. 



II. July, 1844, 191. 

 Little Thrush, Pennant, Arctic Zool. II, 1785, 338. 



Sp Ch. — Third quill longest ; second and fourth but little shorter, and much longer than the fifth ; (by .35 of an inch.) 

 Upper parts uniform olivaceous, with a decided shade of green. The fore part of breast, the throat and chin, pale brownish 

 yellow ; rest of lower parts white ; the sides washed with brownish olive. Sides of the tr.roat and fore part of the breast with 

 sub-rounded spots of well defined brown, darker than the back ; the rest of the breast (except medially) with rather less distinct 

 spots that are more olivaceous. Tibiae yellowish brown. Broad ring round the eye. Loreil region, and a general tinge on the 

 side of the head, clear reddish buff. Length, 7.00 ; wing, 4.15 ; tail, 3.10 ; tarsus, 1.10. 



Hab. — Eastern North America to the Black Hills ; south to Mexico and Peru ; north to Greenland. Accidental in Europe 

 and Siberia. 



This species is at once distinguished from the others hy the perfectly uniform and pure dull 

 olivaceous shade of its upper parts, most strongly marked and appreciable on the rump and tail. 

 The throat and breast are, perhaps, more reddish than in any of our species, and the tinge in 

 the marking on the side of the head is very much more decided than in any other. The spots 

 on the breast larger than in T. ustulalus, and rather more numerous than in pallasii. 



List of specimens. 



