BIRDS — SYLVICOLIDAE PYRANGA LUDOVICIANA, 



303 



List of specimens. 



PYEANGA LUDOVICIANA, B o n a p . 



Louitiaua Tauager. 



Tanagra ludoviciana,WiLBOn, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811,27; pi. x.\, f. 1. — Bon. Obs. 182G, 95. — Aud. Orn. Biog. 



IV, 1838, 385 : V, 1839, 90 ; pi. 354, 40O. 

 Tanagra {Pyranga) ludoviciana, Bonap. Syn. 1828, 105.— Nuttall, Man. I, 1832, 471. 

 Pyranga ludoviciana, Rich. List, 1837. — Bonap. List, 1838. — Ann. Syn. 1839,137. — Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 



211 ; pi. 210.— ScLATER, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1856, 125. 

 Pyranga erythropis, Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. XXVIIl, 1819, 291. 

 " Tanagra Columbiana, Jard. ed. Wilson, I, 317." According to Sclater, but I cannot find such name. 



Sp. Ch — Bill shorter than the liead. Tail slightly forked ; first three quills nearly equal. Male, yellow ; the middle of the 

 back, the wings, and the tail, black. Head and neck all round strongly tinged with red ; least so on the sides. A band of 

 yellow across the middle coverts, and of yellowish white across the greater ones ; the tertials more or less edged with whitish. 

 Female, olive green above, yellowish beneath ; tlie feathers of the interscapular region dusky, margined with olive. The wings 

 and tail rather dark brown, the former with the same marks as the male. Length, 7.25 ; wing, 3.60 ; tail, 2.85. 



Hab. — From the Black Hills to the Pacific ; south to Mexico. 



It is not often that the male of this species is found in the highest state of plumage. Generally 

 the feathers of the hack are margined with olive, this color also tinging the yellow of the back, 

 and the edges of the quills. The red of the head varies in intensity. The bill is rather smaller 

 and slenderer than in P. rubra, althovLgh. it varies considerably with the specimen. 



The female can always be distinguished from that of rubra by the slenderer bill. The bill is 

 much smaller than in P. aestiva. From both it differs in the whitish or yellow bands on the 

 wings, and the back being duskier than the remaining upper parts. 



A young bird exhibits traces of brown in the yellow, and some faint dusky streaks. Young 

 males have the general plumage of the female. 



The black back distinguishes this species from the somewhat similar P. erythrocephala and 

 rubricejos. 



