BIEDS — HIRUNDINIDA-E — HIRUNDO. 



307 



Family HIRUNDIN ID AE . 

 Sub-Family HIRUNDININAE. 



Bill triangular, very short and broad, much depressed ; the ridge much less than half the head ; the gonys two-thirds this 

 jcngth; the gape extending to below the eye. Primaries nine; the first longest, and, with the second, considerably longer 

 than the others ; the secondaries and tertials not reaching the middle of the primaries ; the secondaries deeply emarginate 

 Wings very long, reaching beyond the commencement of the fork of the tail, which is generally more or less deep. Tarsi 

 scutcllale, very short, less than the lateral toes, the inner of which is more deeply cleft than the outer. 



The feet of the true swallows follow the general insessorial type in having three anterior toes 

 and one posterior, none capable of being moved much from their normal position. This, with the 

 much larger and differently shaped bill, as well as the nine primaries, instead of ten, readily 

 distinguish them from the Cypselidae. 



Gomparative measurements of species. 



Catal. 



No. 



601!) 

 2284 

 2284 

 2197 

 2197 

 5491 

 1895 

 2209 

 5597 

 1692 

 1692 

 1561 

 5493 

 5493 

 9112 



Species. 



Hirundo horreorum . 

 Hirtindo lunifrond... 



do 



Hirundo bicolor 



.do.. 



do 



Hirundo tlialasstna. 

 Colyle serripennis.. 



Cotyle rlparia 



do 



do 



Progne purpurea, 

 do 



do 



Progne chalybca? 



Locality. 



Sacramento valley . 



Carlisle, Pa 



do 



do 



do 



Petaluma, Ca! 



Columbia river 



Carlisle, Pa 



E. of Riley's 



Carlisle, Pa 



do 



do 



Petaluma, Cal 



do 



Chili : (? 



Length. 



Stretch 

 of wings. 



6.90 

 4.88 

 5 66 

 5.48 

 6.25 

 5.00 

 4.76 

 4.53 

 5.04 

 4.4G 

 4.75 

 7.30 

 7.44 

 8.25 

 8.20 



Wing 



Tail. 



12.25 

 12.25 



10.83 



15.66 



5.03 

 4.38 

 4.41 

 4.93 

 5.00 

 4.75 

 4.48 

 4.28 

 3.96 

 3.98 

 4.00 

 5.84 

 6.04 

 5.54 

 5.48 



4.52 



2.20 



2.55 

 2.08 

 2.23 

 2.34 



2.00 



3.40 

 3.66 



3.76 



Tarsus. 



Middle Its claw 

 alone 



0.44 

 0.50 



68 

 0.64 



0.49 



0.63 



.46 



0.46 I 0.60 

 0.40 I 0.58 



0.44 

 0.41 



0.62 

 0.56 



0.60 

 0..')8 



0.84 

 0.92 



0.20 

 0.21 



0.18 



o.ao 



0.22 

 0.19 



0.25 

 0.26 



Bill 

 above. 



0.36 

 0.26 



.25 

 0.24 

 0.2b 

 0.28 

 0.27 



0.50 

 0.52 



Along 

 gape. 



0.63 

 0.55 



.44 

 Q.50 



o.m 



0.46 

 0.44 



0.93 

 0.90 



Specimen 

 measured . 



Dry. . . 

 Dry..., 

 Fresh., 

 Dry. . . . 

 Fresh. 

 Dry..., 

 Dry. . . 

 Dry..., 

 Dry. . . , 

 Dry..., 

 Fresh., 

 Dry. . . . 

 Dry.... 

 Fresh. . 

 Dry.... 



HIRUNDO, Liuuaeus. 



Hirundo, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1735.— Gray, Genera, I, 184.'i. 



Ch. — Nostrils basal, small, oblong, and covered partly by a membrane. Tail more or less forked ; the outer lateral feather 

 sometimes greatly lengthened. Tarsi shorter than the middle toe, and scutellated. Tarsi naked. Toes long, slender, the 

 lateral ones unequal. Claws moderate, curved, acute. 



Of this genus there are two well marked sections among the United States species — one with the 

 tail excessively forked, owing to the great elongation of the lateral tail feathers; the other with 

 the tail nearly square, or but slightly forked. The species will range as follows : 

 Hirundo. — Tail excessively forked. 



Steel blue above ; forehead and throat chestnut brown ; belly reddish white. ..^. horreorum. 

 Petrochelidon. — Tail nearly even, or moderately forked. 



Tail emarginate. Forehead, throat, and rump reddish brown ; throat with a large black 



spot * . P. lunifrons. 



Tail moderately forked. Beneath entirely white ; above opaque green ; upper tail coverts 

 purple P. thalassina. 



