BIRDS — FRINGILLIDAE — PASSERCDLUS SAVANNA. 443 



Sp. Cii. — Feathers of the upper parts generally with a central streak of blackish brown ; the streaks of the back with a 

 slight rufous suffusion laterally ; the feathers edged with gray, which is lightest on the scapulars. Crown with a broad median 

 stripe of yellowish gray. A superciliary streak from the bill to the back of the head, eyelids, and edge of the elbow, yellow. 

 A yellowish white ma.\illary stripe curving behind the ear coverts, and margined above and below by brown. The lower 

 margin is a series of thickly crowded spots on the sides of the throat, which are also found on the sides of the neck, across the 

 upper part of the breast, and on the sides of body. A few spots on the throat and chin. Rest of under parts white. Outer 

 tail feather and primary edged with white. Length, 5.50 ; wing, 2.70 ; tail, 2.10. 



Hab. — Eastern North America to the Missouri plains 



In this species the bill is rather short ; the tarsus and middle toe with its claw about equal. 

 The wing is acute ; the first quill longest ; the tertiaries as long as the primaries. The tail is 

 short and somewhat forked ; the feathers narrow and rather acute, but rounded at the tips. 



The spots on the under parts of the body have a rufous suffusion externally, scarcely appre- 

 ciable on the breast in spring specimens. The outside edges of all the wing feathers, excepting 

 the primary quills have a yellowish rufous tinge more conspicuous than elsewhere on the body. 

 There is sometimes a tinge of greenish on the smaller wing coverts. 



With a considerable number of specimens from the western coast at hand I have been much 

 puzzled to decide how many species there are, and upon their relationship to P. savanna. One 

 series from Oregon and Washington Territory is much the largest, considerably exceeding the 

 P. savanna of the east. These agree exactly with a specimen from Sitka, collected by 

 Wosnessjensky, the taxidermist of the St. Petersburg Academy, and labelled Zonotrlclda 

 clirysops, Pallas, probably by Brandt. Another series is composed of specimens that are smaller, 

 though varying considerably in size, and the bill is generally slenderer. In one (5554) the 

 superciliary stripe has only a faint tinge of yellow, and the colors are rather paler than common. 

 The spots on the breast are rather sparser than usual. The bill is rather slenderer than in 

 eastern specimens, but instead of being shorter is actually longer. This agrees with specimens 

 from Northeastern Mexico in Lieutenant Couch's collection. Other specimens have the yellow 

 as bright, that on the axillaries even brighter, than in any eastern ones ; the spots blacker and 

 more numerous, extending over the whole breast. In another, otherwise similar, the bill is 

 unusually long, and the spots on the middle of the breast are aggregated into a larger one. 



Without feeling assured of an actual specific difference I shall follow Bonaparte in referring 

 the large billed series to P. clirysops of Pallas, (sandwichensis ;) that with the gray colors, few 

 pectoral spots, whitish superciliary stripe, and attenuated bill to P. alaudinus ; and that with 

 dark colors, yellow superciliary stripe, and numerous pectoral spots to P. anthinus. 



