BIRDS — FRINGILLIDAE — ZONOTEICHIA ALBICOLLIS. 



463 



Sp. Cii. — Hood and nape, sides of head anterior to and including the eyes, chin, throat, and a few spots in the middle of 

 the upper part of the breast and on its sides, black. Sides of head and neck ash gray, with the trace of a narrow crescent back 

 of the ear coverts. Interscapular region of back, with the feathers reddish brown streaked with dark brown. Breast and belly 

 clear white. Sides of body light brownish, streaked. Two narrow white bands across the greater and middle coverts. Length, 

 about 7 inches ; wing, 3.40 ; tail, 3.65. 



Hab. — Missouri river, above Fort Leavenworth. 



The bill of this species appears to be yellowish red. More immature specimens vary in having 

 the black of the head above more restricted. The nape and sides of the head to the bill pale 

 reddish brown, lighter on the latter region. Others have the feathers of the anterior portion 

 of the hood edged with -whitish. In all there is generally a trace of black anterior to the eye. 



This species has a considerably larger bill than Z. leucoplirys, the mandible especially. 



List of specimens. 



ZONOTEICHIA ALBICOLLIS, B o n a p . 



White-throated Sparrow. 



FringiUa alhicollis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 926.— Wilson, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 51 ; pi. xxii, f. 2 — Licht. Verz. 



Doubl. No. 247, (1823.) 

 Zonotrichia albicoUis, Bp. Consp. 1850, 478.— Cab. Mus. Hein. 185], 132. 

 Passer pennsylvanicus, Brisson, 1760. Appendix 77. 

 Fiingilla pcnnsijlvanica, Lath. Index, I, 1790, 445.— AuD. Orn. Biog. I, 1831, 42 : V. 497 ; pi. 8. — Ib. Syn. 1839, 



121.- Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 153 ; pi. 191. 

 FringiUa (Zonotrichia) pennsylvanica, Sw. F. B. Am. II, 1831, 256. 

 Zonotrichia pennsylvanica, Bon. List, 1838. 



Sp. Ch. — Two black stripes on the crown separated by a median one of white. A broad superciliary stripe from the base of 

 the mandible to the occiput, yellow as far as the middle of the eye and white behind this. A broad black streak on the side of 

 the head from behind the eye. Chin white, abruptly defined against the dark ash of the sides of the head and upper part of 

 the breast, fading into white on the belly, and margined by a narrow black maxillary line. Edge of wing and axillaries 

 yellow. Back and edges of secondaries rufous brown, the former streaked with dark brown. Two narrow white bands across 

 the wing coverts. Length, 7 inches ; wing, 3.10 ; tail, 3.20. 



Hab. — Eastern United States to the Missouri. 



Female smaller, and the colors rather duller. Immature and winter specimens have the 

 white chin patch less abruptly defined ; the white markings on the top and sides of the head 

 tinged with brown. Some specimens, apparently mature, show quite distinct streaks on the 

 breast and sides of throat and body. 



As Brisson's nomenclature is not binomial, and his names merely literal translations into 

 Latin from the French vernacular, consisting usually of three or more words, rather than two, I 

 have followed Cabanis, Bonaparte, and most modern authors in rejecting them altogether. 



