B IRDS — FRINGILLIDAE — SPIZELLA SOCIALIS. 



473 



SPIZELLA PUSILLA, B o n a p . 



Field Sparrow. 



Fringilla pusilla, Wilson, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 121 ; pi. xvi, f. 2. — Licht. Verzeichn. Doubl. 1823, No. 252 Aud. 



Orn. Biog. II, 1834,299; pi. 139. 

 Spizrlla pusilla, BoNAP. List, 1838.— Ib. Conspec. 1850,480. 

 Emberiza pusilla, Aud. Syn. 1839, 104.— Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 77 ; pi. 164. 

 Spiniles pusillus. Cab. Mus. Hein. 1851, 133. 

 Fringilla juncorum, Nutt. Man. I, 1832, 499 ; 2d ed. 1840, 577. (Supposed by liim to be Motacilla juncorum, 



Gmelin, I, 952; Sylvia juncorum, Latham, Ind. II, 511 ; Little Brown Sparrow, Catesbt, 



Car. I, 35.) 



Sp. Ch. — Bill red. Crown continuous rufous red. Back somewhat similar, streaked with blackish. Sides of head and neck 

 (including a superciliary stripe) ashy. Ear coverts rufous. Beneath white, tinged with yellowish anteriorly. Tail feathers and 

 quills faintly edged with white. Two white bands across the wing coverts. Length, about 5.75 ; wing, 2.34. 



Hab. — Eastern North America to the Missouri river. 



This species is about the size of S. socialis, but is more rufous above ; lacks the black forehead 

 and eye stripe ; has chestnut ears instead of ash ; has the bill red instead of black : lacks the 

 clear ash of the rump ; has a longer tail, &c. It is more like monticola, but is much smaller; 

 lacks the spot on the breast, and the predominance of white on the wings, &c. The young have 

 the breast and sides streaked. 



Although it is quite possible that the "little brown sparrow," of Catesby, refers to the 

 present bird^ yet "small sparrow, entirely brown," is scarcely a sufficient diagnosis upon 

 which to found a species. 



List of specimens. 



SPIZELLA SOCIALIS, B o n a p . 



Chipping Sparrow. 



Fringilla socialis, Wilson, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 127; pi. xvi, f. 5. — Aud. Orn. Biog. II, 1834,21 : V, 517 ; pi. 104. 



Spizella socialis, Bon. List, 1838. — Ib. Conspectus, 1850, 480. 



Emberiza socialis, Aud. Syn. 1839. — Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 80 ; pi. 1G5. 



Spinito socialis, Cabanms, Mus. Hein. 1851, 133. (Type.) 



Sp. Ch. — Rump, back of neck, and sides of neck and head, ashy. Interscapular region with black streaks, margined with 

 pale rufous. Crown continuous and uniform chestnut. Forehead black, separated in the middle by while. A white streak 

 over the eye, and a black one from the base of the bill through and behind the eye. Under parts unspotted whitish, tinned 

 with ashy, especially acrrss the upper breast. Tail feathers and primaries edged with paler, not white. Two narrow wiiite 

 bands across the wing coverts. Bill black. Length, 5.75 ; wing, nearly 3.00. 



Hab. — North America, from Atlantic to Pacific. 

 June 17, 1838. 



60 b 



