532 



U. S. p. R. E. EXP. AND SUEVETS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT. 



part of the breast, extending some distance down on the median line, and a somewhat hidden space round the anus, yellow. A 

 conspicuous white patch at the base of the wing formed by the spurious feathers, interrupted by tlie black alula. 



Female smaller, browner; the yellow confined to the under parts and sides of the head, and a superciliary line. A dusky 

 maxillary line. No white on the wing. Length of male, 10.00 inches ; wing, 5.60 ; tail, 4.50. 



Hab. Western America from Texas, Illinois, Wisconsin, and North Red river, to California, south into Mexico. Green- 

 land, Reinhardt. 



The color of the yellow in this species varies considerably ; sometimes being almost of a lemon 

 yellow, sometimes of a rich orange. There is an occasional trace of yellow around the base of 

 the tarsus. 



The female differs considerably in appearance, as above mentioned. Sometimes the superciliary 

 stripe is broader, and involves much of the side of the neck. The feathers on the middle of the 

 breast are sometimes edged with whitish. The young male of the year is like the female, but 

 larger, and likewise lacks the white of the wing. Immature males of more adult condition 

 have the yellow of the head and neck variously clouded with black margins, especially on the 

 upper surface. 



A very young bird has the head and back brownish yellow, the wing coverts with a broad 

 bar of white. 



This species is very widely distributed throughout the Nortji American continent, having 

 even been found in Greenland. Its eastern limit in the United States appears to be Illinois. It 



is essentially a prairie bird. 



List of specimens. 



Catal 



No. 



4332 

 6943 

 1873 

 1872 

 S840 

 4653 

 5323 

 7003 

 8320 



tss\ 



5674 

 8792 



8794 

 5671 

 6556 



4962 

 4045 

 4046 



4996 



4997 

 4998 

 8564 

 8570 

 8554 

 4594 



8572 

 4561 

 8571 

 5534 

 4475 



Sex and 

 age. 



Q 

 <? 

 t? 



c? 



9 







Q 





Locality. 



Racine, Wis 



Dane county. Wis 



RkI River, H. B.T 



Fort Union, Ne b 



do 



Plains of Missouri R. . . 



Fort Pierre, Neb 



15 miles below Ft. Pierre 



South Platte River 



Fort Laramie, Neb 



do 



Forks of Platte River. . . 

 North Fork Platte 



15 miles cast Ft- Laramie 

 Republican River.... 

 Fort Riley, K. T. ... 



Fort Chadbiiume, Tex 



New Leon, Mex 



do 



Del. Creek and Pecos.. 



Pecos R, Texas 



Devil's River, Texas. 

 Mimbres to Rio Grande. 



El Paso 



Sawatch Pass 



Colorado River, Gal. 



Fort Tnjon 



Los Angeios Valley.. 



San Jos(-, Cal 



Presidio, Cal 



Petaliinin, Cal 



RhettLake, Cal 



When col- 

 lected. 



April. I 

 1854... 



April 25, 1855 

 June 28, 1856 

 Aug. 25, 1857 

 Sept. — , 1857 

 Sept. 12, 1857 

 July 15, 1856 

 Aug. 20 



Aug. 26, 1857 

 Sept. 25, 1856 



May — , 1853 

 ....do 



July 16, 1856 



April 20, 1856 

 May 2, 1855 



April, 1856. . 



Whence obtained. 



N. W. University. 

 T. M. Brewer.... 



D. Gunn 



S. F. Baird 



do 



do 



Col. Vaughau.... 

 Lieut. Warren . . 



Lieut. Br>'au 



Will. M. Magraw. 



do 



Lieut. Bryan...,. 

 Wm. Magraw.... 



do 



Lieut. Bryan 



Dr.Wm. A. Ham- 

 mond. 



Dr. Swift 



Iiieut. Couch .... 



do 



C'apt. Pope 



do 



do 



Dr. Henry 



Major Emory 



Lieut. Deckwith.. 



Major Emory 



J. X. de Vesey. .. 

 Lieut. Williamson 

 A. J. Grayson.... 

 Lt. Trowbridge . . 



K. Samuels 



Lieut. Williamson 



Orig'l 

 No. 



435 

 203 

 204 

 113 

 65 



167 

 354 



193 

 63 



Collected by- 



Dr. Hoy. 



J. J. Audubon. 



do 



E. Harris 



Dr. Hayden.. . 



do 



W. S. Wood.. 

 Dr. Cooper . . . 



do 



W. S. Wood.. 

 Dr. Cooper.... 



do 



W. S. Wood. 



A. Schott 



Mr. Kreutzfeldt. 

 A. achott 



Dr. Heernianii 



Dr. Newberry. 



Length. 



Stretch 

 of wings 



10. .'JO 

 10.00 



10.50 



10.00 



17.25 

 17.00 



17.25 



15.50 



16.50 



Wing. 



5.50 

 5.50 



5.25 



Remarks. 



Feet black. . 



Iris brown ; bill and feet 



black 



do do 



Eyes dark brown ; gums 

 yellow. 



Bill and feet black 



Bill brown ; feet gray. 



