BIRDS — FULIGULINAE — FULIX AFFINIS. 



791 



FULIX MAllILA, Baird. 



Big Black-head ; Scaup Dnck. 



Jlnas marila, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 196.— Gm. I, 1788, 509.— Wilson, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 84 ; p!. l.xix. 

 Fuligula marila, Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. Birds Xll, ii, 1824, 198.— .'Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 456.— Bon. List, 

 1838— Add. Birds Am. VII, 1843, 355 ; pi. 498.— Giraud, Birds L. Island, 1844, 321. (marila.) 

 Eyton, Men. Anat. 156. 

 %/lylhija marila, Bon. List Birds Europe, 1842. 

 " Jnasfrenata, Sparrmann, Mus. Carlos. 1786." (Female.) 

 •Marila frenala, Bonap. Comptes Rendus, XLIII, Sept. 1856. 

 Fvligula gesneri, (Will.) Jardine, Brit. Birds, IV, 138 ; pi. v. 

 Scaup duck, Pennant, Latham. 

 Broad-hill ; Blue-bill; Shuffler; Vulgo. 

 Sp. Ch. — Head and neck all round, jugulum and shoulders, lower part of back, tail, and coverts black ; the head with a glosa 

 of dark green on the sides. Rest of under parts white ; feathers on the lower part of belly and on the sides, the long feathers 

 of the flanks, the interscapulum, and the scapulars, white, waved in zigzag transversely with black. Greater and middle wing 

 coverts similarly marked, but more finely and obscurely. Greater coverts towards the tip, and the terlials, greenish black ; the 

 speculum is white, bordered behind by greenisli black ; the white extending across the whole central portion of the secondaries . 

 Outer primaries and tips of all brownish black ; inner ones pale gray ; the central line dusky. A.xillars and middle of the 

 inferior surface of the wing white. Bill blue ; the nail black. Legs plumbeous. 



Female with the head brown ; the region all round the base of the bill white ; the undulations of black and white on the 

 feathers wanting, or but faintly indicated above. Length, 20 ; wing, 9 ; tarsus, 1.58 ; commissure, 2.16. 

 Hab. — Whole of North America and Europe. 



List of specimens. 



FULIX AFFINIS, Baird, 



Little Black-head ; Blue-bill. 



Anas marila, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, No. 44. (Not of Linn.) 



Fuligula marila, AuD. Orn. Biog. Ill, 1835, 226 : V, 1839, 614 ; pi. 229.— Is. Syn. 286.— Ib. Birds Amer. VI, 1843, 

 316 ; pi. 397. (Not of Stephens.) 



Fuligula, affinis, Eyton, Mon. Anat. 1838, 157. (N. Am. sp.) — Gosse, Birds Jamaica, 1847. 



Marila affinis, BoN. Comptes Rendus, XLIII, Sept. 1856. 



Fuligula mariloides. Vigors, Zool. Blossom, 1839, 31. (N. Am.) (Not of Tarrell, Brit. Birds.) 



Fuligula minor, Giraud, Birds L. Island, 1844, 323. 

 Sp. Ch. — Bill blue ; the nail black. Head, neck, fore part of breast, and back anterior to the shoulder, lower part of back, 

 tail and its coverts, black; the head with violet purple reflections changing occasionally to green. The belly and sides, with a.xillars, 

 and central portion of inner surfaces of wings, pure white. The lower part of the belly, near the anus, undulated finely with black 

 spots. The interscapular region and scapulars white, with tran.sverse zigzag bands or lines of black, these lines much further apart 

 in the scapuUrs, which, consequently, are whiter. Wings blackish ; the lesser and middle coverts sprinkled with grayish. The 



