5 26 Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology. 



lis inferior and the sulcus fronto-marginalis. His contribution 

 to the microscopic anatomy of the brain consists chiefly in his 

 thorough presentation with valuation of the view points of em- 

 bryology and phylogeny, of the totality of fiber-bundles, based 

 upon the studies of Meynert, Gudden and Flechsig. 



Wernicke's cerebral pathology was based upon anatomy 

 and physiology. Indeed it is in the first volume of his "Dis- 

 eases of the Brain" that his systematic description of microscop- 

 ic anatomical structures is to be found ; this first volume is a 

 collective review which may well serve as a foundation for all 

 who desire to begin the serious study of the complexities of the 

 cerebral conduction paths. His greatest single contribution to 

 the pathological physiology and anatomy of the brain, was, 

 undoubtedly, the discovery of the so-called "sensory aphasia" 

 and the definite localization in the pallium of the area, diseases 

 of which calls forth that now well-known and generally recog- 

 nized syndrome. Studies in brain-histology proper seem to 

 have interested Wernicke much less than studies in gross and 

 microscopic anatomy. Accordingly one finds but little men- 

 tion of intraneuronal features in his writings. It was the group- 

 ing and chaining-together of neurones in greater complexes with 

 formation of 'centres' and conduction-paths which appealed to 

 him most, as was natural, perhaps, in a man so profoundly in- 

 terested in cerebral localization and in the problems of aphasia 

 and psychiatry as Wernicke was. 



The study of the aphasic symptom-complex which Wer- 

 nicke published in 1874 stands as an important pillar of sup- 

 port to modern clinical neurology. It was a research which 

 ranks with the earlier studies of Broca and Sax. It had not 

 only a great neurological significance but exerted, through the 

 analysis of the cortical processes which it embodied, an impor- 

 tant influence upon the conceptions of physiological psychology. 

 The demonstration of the continous process : — stimulus, sensa- 

 tion, memory-picture, association with other memory-pictures 

 and motor projection, was first brought, as Ziehen points 

 out, by Wernicke, though the principles upon which it is bas- 

 ed may be found in the investigations of others. 



