594 RICHARD GOLDSCHMIDT 



But when a cross resulted in intersexual offspring the reciprocal 

 cross was normal. It was shown, further, that in F2 genera- 

 tions of such crosses intersexuality segregates, and in such segre- 

 gation there are definite rules for the appearance of male and 

 female intersexuality. 



From these facts the following explanation was derived. Each 

 sex contains the factors for both sexes. Which factors become 

 potent depends upon the quantitative relation of the two sets of 

 factors. Both of them possess a quantitatively definite strength 

 of action or potency. In normal sex-distribution the right com- 

 binations are regulated by the heterozj^gosis-homozygosis mech- 

 anism in the following way. In the case of female heterozygosis, 

 the female formula is [FF]Mm and the male formula [FF]MM. 

 Given a definite potency for these factors, it means that the 

 quantitative value of [FF] is higher than one but lower than twoM . 

 Intersexuality^ was thus explained by the assumption that dif- 

 ferent races differ in regard to the absolute potencies of these 

 factors. Crossbreeding results, then, in abnormal combinations, 

 giving, for example, to the factor M within the female formula a 

 higher value than that of the F-set. To make this assumption 

 clear we proposed to assume definite values for these poten- 

 cies. A female is then produced (assuming female heterozygo- 

 sis) when FF-M is larger than a definite minimum value, e, 

 and a male when MM-FF is larger than the value e. If we 

 give to e the value of 20 of the supposed potency units, we have 

 a female when e is more than + 20 and a male when e is less than 

 — 20. We expressed this relation in the following diagram for 

 the values of e, where femaleness stands to the right of + 20 

 and maleness to the left of —20. And the range between these 

 values is the range of intersexuality. (For details see the 

 former publications.) 



6 ^ — I ^'^^- I — ^ 2 



-!0 O +10 +20 



Figure 1 



The experimental results showed, further, that since segrega- 

 tion follows the distribution of the x-chromosomes, the factor M 



