600 RICHARD GOLDSCHMIDT 



confronted with conditions of abnormal concentrations of these 

 enzymes and these concentrations are supposed to be responsible 

 for what we call intersexuality, development must go on under 

 the influence of one enzyme to a certain point and then continue 

 under the influence of the other. Any organ which is com- 

 pletely determined before this turning-point will be purely, say, 

 female, and every organ which is determined later, male, or 

 vice versa; and an organ which is in process of determination 

 during the entire period will start to develop with a female, and 

 end with a male character. An organism that has developed in 

 this way should be a mosaic of different degrees of maleness and 

 femaleness, that is, it should exhibit organs of both sexes as 

 well as organs exhibiting in themselves a mosaic of a second 

 grade. At first sight this conclusion does not seem to coincide 

 with the idea of intersexuality as meaning a condition between 

 the sexes. But this discrepancy is only external. If we look 

 at the animal as a whole, we really see a combination of the 

 characters of both sexes. Macroscopically, so to speak, the 

 animals are really between the sexes. The reason is that most 

 of the characters which make up the external features of the 

 animal are quantitative characters. Take, for example, the 

 feathering of the antennae. In the female the side branches 

 are short, in the male long. When development is at first fe- 

 male and becomes male only at a very late stage, these branches 

 do not begin the male growth until the final change of sex starts, 

 and then they have time to attain only an intermediate length. 

 They appear 'intersexuaF although they have developed as 

 purely female up to a certain point, and from that point on as 

 purely male organs. We may therefore use the term inter- 

 sexuality, indicating a state of sexuality which is situated at a 

 definite point between the sexes, if we regard the animal as a 

 whole. But minute analysis will show that a given organ is 

 either female or male, or has started development with one and 

 ended it with the other sex. 



This point is of such importance for the entire theory that we 

 must go into a few details, although we do not intend to report 

 our full evidence here. The most- striking illustration can be 



