MODIFICATION OF THE GERM-CELLS IN MAMMALS 185 



show records of offspring derived from a treated father A and 



a normal mother N. The third column are offspring from 



treated males which were also derived from treated fathers and 



NA 

 normal mothers, -r— , mated with normal females, N. The 



' ^ A. 



next straight male generation treated and paired with normal 



females would be expressed by A , the offspring from such 



A 



a combination would have had their father, a grandfather, and 



a great-grandfather treated with alcohol and their mother, 



grandmothers, and great-grandmothers all normal, and so on for 



later generations. Animals of these higher pedigrees will be 



recorded in a future communication. In the table 5 only records 



from treated fathers are given in column 2 and from treated 



father and grandfather in column 3. The fourth column shows 



records from normal fathers and treated mothers, AN, and the 



fifth column from normal fathers mated with treated females 



AN 

 which were derived from treated mothers, -.-- N. 



A 



The numbers in all of the columns are rather small, but in 

 every case the records differ from the control. There is a re- 

 markable similarity between the two treated-male groups and 

 also between the two treated-female groups, but a striking 

 contrast exists between the male records as a class and the 

 female records. 



In the two male columns the average litter is very small and 

 the mating failures high. The percentage of surviving young, 

 though well under the control record, is equally above the fe- 

 male records. The corrected total mortality in both columns 

 is over 180 against 100 for the control. The proportion of late 

 prenatal to postnatal mortality is slightly contrasted in the 

 one treated male generation column, but more so in the two 

 treated generations column. There are no defective animals in 

 the NA column, but a small per cent of such are seen in the 

 atNA 



