24. Emil Goetsch. 
every respect typical esophageal glands and can not be confused with 
the neighboring cardiac glands of the stomach. 
The tunica muscularis consists of striated muscle throughout its 
whole extent. 
LurrEoLa VIsoN. 
The epithelium in Lutreola is very similar to that in the cat. 
No true papille are present and there is a very slight indication 
of ridges of the lamina propria so that the deep border of the epi- 
thelium is fairly regular. The cornification is imperfect but is 
indicated by the different staining of the superficial layers of cells 
which are much flattened, but which retain their nuclei. The thick- 
ness is fairly uniform throughout except for such differences as 
are the result of tension. 
The lamina muscularis mucosee is well developed, forming a 
layer 50-80 micra in thickness at the upper end of the oesophagus 
and gradually increasing in thickness to 180 micra at the cardiac 
orifice. 
A few glands only are present, and these are confined to the upper 
fourth of the wsophagus. They are similar in nature to the glands 
of the esophagus of Procyon, that is they consist of mucous cells and 
demilunes. 
UNGULATA. 
My observations on the structure of the esophagus of the ungu- 
lates have been largely confirmatory of the work of Ellenberger (84), 
Rubeli (90), Haane (05), and Helm (07). 
To ascertain beyond doubt the presence or absence of glands in 
the oesophagus of the sheep and ox, preparations were made of the 
whole cesophagus according to the method already outlined, but with 
negative ‘results. These osophagi contained no glands. In the 
ease of the horse sections made at different levels were likewise 
devoid of glands. 
In the esophageal glands of the pig, I have found, in confirmation 
of Helm (07), demilunes of serous cells, but in smaller numbers 
than in any of the other animals whose glands were studied with 
the exception of man. They are, however, by no means infrequent, 
